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The rate of pathogen emergence is accelerating. Global change is driving new species interactions that create opportunities for pathogen spillover, requiring multidisciplinary approaches to understand and mitigate these risks. At the same time, virus discovery has expanded, fuelled by developments in artificial intelligence, recently identifying ~100,000 new virus-like genome sequences.

病原体的出现速度正在加快。全球变化正在推动新物种的相互作用，为病原体外溢创造机会，需要多学科方法来理解和减轻这些风险。与此同时，在人工智能发展的推动下，病毒发现已经扩大，最近发现了约100000个新的病毒样基因组序列。

The key question is how do we assess which viruses have zoonotic and pandemic potential?To transmit in a new species, a virus must be able to efficiently enter and replicate within the cells of the new host. Critical for this is the ability of the virus to overcome host intracellular innate immune defences, which serve as a frontline surveillance and protection system.

关键问题是我们如何评估哪些病毒具有人畜共患和大流行的潜力？为了在新物种中传播，病毒必须能够有效地进入新宿主的细胞并在其内复制。关键是病毒克服宿主细胞内先天免疫防御的能力，这是一个前线监测和保护系统。

Work published in Nature Microbiology in 2022 by Zuliani-Alvarez et al. linked innate immune evasion to evolution of the single pandemic lineage of HIV, highlighting the importance of innate immunity in determining pandemic potential..

Zuliani Alvarez等人于2022年在《自然微生物学》上发表的工作将先天免疫逃避与HIV单一大流行谱系的进化联系起来，强调了先天免疫在确定大流行潜力方面的重要性。。

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ReferencesOriginal articleZuliani-Alvarez, L. et al. Evasion of cGAS and TRIM5 defines pandemic HIV. Nat. Microbiol. 7, 1762–1776 (2022)Article

参考文献原始文章Zuliani Alvarez，L。等人。逃避cGAS和TRIM5定义了大流行性HIV。自然微生物。71762-1776（2022）条

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Download referencesAuthor informationAuthors and AffiliationsDepartment of Infectious Disease, Imperial College London, London, UKLucy G. ThorneAuthorsLucy G. ThorneView author publicationsYou can also search for this author in

下载参考文献作者信息作者和附属机构英国伦敦帝国理工学院传染病系Lucy G.ThorneAuthorsLucy G.ThorneView作者出版物您也可以在

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Rights and permissionsReprints and permissionsAbout this articleCite this articleThorne, L.G. Linking innate immune evasion to pandemic potential.

权利和许可打印和许可本文引用本文Thorne，L.G。将先天免疫逃避与大流行潜力联系起来。

Nat Rev Microbiol (2024). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41579-024-01137-8Download citationPublished: 11 December 2024DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41579-024-01137-8Share this articleAnyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content:Get shareable linkSorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article.Copy to clipboard.

Nat Rev Microbiol（2024）。https://doi.org/10.1038/s41579-024-01137-8Download引文发布日期：2024年12月11日OI：https://doi.org/10.1038/s41579-024-01137-8Share本文与您共享以下链接的任何人都可以阅读此内容：获取可共享链接对不起，本文目前没有可共享的链接。复制到剪贴板。

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