Chagas disease, which is also known as American trypanosomiasis, occurs when you get infected with a small parasite called Trypanosoma cruzi. A doctor named Carlos RJ Chagas from Brazil discovered this parasite and how it causes illness in people way back in 1909.

恰加斯病，也被称为美国锥虫病，当你感染了一种名为克氏锥虫的小寄生虫时就会发生。早在1909年，一位来自巴西的名叫卡洛斯·查加斯的医生就发现了这种寄生虫，以及它是如何导致人们患病的。

BOSTON, April 16, 2024 /PRNewswire/ -- The new research gives a complete picture of the Chagas Disease: American trypanosomiasis market. It looks at trends in the CD market, including how common it is in different regions, and talks about what's happening in the market right now. The report also looks closely at the competition between different treatments.

波士顿，2024年4月16日/PRNewswire/--这项新研究全面介绍了南美锥虫病：美国锥虫病市场。它着眼于CD市场的趋势，包括它在不同地区的普遍程度，并讨论了目前市场上发生的事情。该报告还密切关注了不同治疗方法之间的竞争。

It focuses on treatments available across Latin America. Because many people with Chagas Disease don't have enough money to buy medicine, there isn't much demand for these products. That's why pharmaceutical companies aren't putting a lot of effort into creating new treatments for Chagas disease now..

它专注于拉丁美洲可用的治疗方法。由于许多恰加斯病患者没有足够的钱购买药物，因此对这些产品的需求不大。这就是为什么制药公司现在没有投入大量精力来开发治疗恰加斯病的新方法。。

Key Facts to Know About Chagas Disease: A Quick Overview

了解恰加斯病的关键事实：快速概述

About 6-7 million people, mostly in Latin America, have a bug bite disease called Chagas disease.

大约600万至700万人（主要在拉丁美洲）患有一种名为恰加斯病的虫咬病。

It can be passed on by bugs, eating unsafe food, getting blood or organs from infected people, passing it from mother to baby, or accidents in labs.

它可以通过虫子传播，吃不安全的食物，从感染者那里获取血液或器官，从母亲传给婴儿，或者在实验室发生事故。

If treated early, Chagas disease caused by Trypanosoma cruzi can be cured. Treatment can also help stop the disease from getting worse and prevent passing it from mother to baby.

如果早期治疗，由克氏锥虫引起的恰加斯病可以治愈。治疗还可以帮助阻止疾病恶化，防止疾病从母亲传给婴儿。

Some people with long-term Chagas disease might have heart problems, and others might have stomach or brain issues. They might need special treatment for these.

一些患有长期恰加斯病的人可能有心脏问题，其他人可能有胃或大脑问题。他们可能需要特殊治疗。

Ways to stop Chagas disease include controlling bugs in Latin America, checking blood before giv

阻止恰加斯病的方法包括在拉丁美洲控制病菌，在giv之前检查血液

ing it to someone, and testing and treating girls, women who can have babies, newborns, and brothers and sisters of infected moms who haven't had treatment before.

把它送给某人，并测试和治疗女孩，可以生孩子的女性，新生儿，以及以前没有接受过治疗的受感染母亲的兄弟姐妹。

The Transmission of Chagas Disease in the American Market: Key Insights

南美锥虫病在美国市场的传播：关键见解

In Latin America, Chagas disease mostly spreads from poop or pee of blood-sucking bugs called kissing bugs. These bugs hide in cracks in houses and come out at night to feed on blood. When they bite, they often do it on the face. If someone scratches the bite and gets the poop or pee in their body, they can get infected with the parasite..

在拉丁美洲，恰加斯病主要是通过被称为接吻虫的吸血虫的粪便或尿传播的。这些虫子躲在房子的裂缝里，晚上出来吸血。当它们咬人时，通常会在脸上咬。如果有人抓挠咬伤并在体内得到粪便或尿液，他们可能会感染寄生虫。。

T. cruzi can also be transmitted by:

T、 克鲁兹也可以通过以下方式传播：

If you eat or drink something with T. cruzi in it, like food or drinks with poop or pee from infected bugs or opossums, you can get sick. This often causes outbreaks where people get very sick, and some even die.

如果你吃了或喝了含有克氏锥虫的东西，比如食物或饮料中有被感染的虫子或负鼠的粪便或尿，你可能会生病。这通常会导致疫情爆发，人们病情严重，有些甚至死亡。

When a mom who has Chagas disease gives birth, she can pass it on to her baby.

当患有恰加斯病的母亲分娩时，她可以将其传给婴儿。

Getting blood or something made from blood from someone who has Chagas disease can also give you the disease.

从患有恰加斯病的人那里获取血液或血液制成的东西也可能会给你带来疾病。

Signs and symptoms

体征和症状

Chagas disease has two phases. In the first phase, which lasts about 2 months, a lot of parasites are in the blood, but most people don't have any symptoms or just feel a little unwell. Sometimes, people might see a spot on their skin or swelling around one eye. They could also have fever, headache, swollen glands, pale skin, muscle pain, trouble breathing, or pain in the belly or chest..

恰加斯病有两个阶段。在持续约2个月的第一阶段，血液中有大量寄生虫，但大多数人没有任何症状或只是感觉有点不适。有时，人们可能会在皮肤上看到斑点或一只眼睛周围肿胀。他们还可能发烧、头痛、腺体肿胀、皮肤苍白、肌肉疼痛、呼吸困难或腹部或胸部疼痛。。

In the second phase, the parasites hide in the heart and stomach muscles. After one to three decades, about a third of patients have heart problems, and about one in ten have stomach issues. Over time, the infection can damage the nerves and heart muscles, causing heart problems, irregular heartbeats, heart failure, or sudden death..

在第二阶段，寄生虫隐藏在心脏和胃部肌肉中。一到三十年后，大约三分之一的患者有心脏问题，大约十分之一的患者有胃部问题。随着时间的推移，感染会损害神经和心肌，导致心脏问题、心跳不规则、心力衰竭或猝死。。

Chagas Disease Treatment in the American Market

美国市场上的恰加斯病治疗

Chagas disease can be treated with medicines like benznidazole or nifurtimox to kill the parasite. These drugs work best if given early, especially during the first phase of the disease. Treatment can also help prevent the disease from getting worse. However, treatment can have side effects, and it's not recommended for pregnant women or people with certain health conditions.

查加斯病可以用苯并硝唑或硝呋替莫等药物治疗以杀死寄生虫。如果尽早给药，这些药物效果最好，尤其是在疾病的第一阶段。治疗也有助于防止疾病恶化。然而，治疗可能会产生副作用，不建议孕妇或有某些健康状况的人服用。

In some cases, additional treatment may be needed for heart, digestive, or nerve problems caused by the disease..

在某些情况下，可能需要对该疾病引起的心脏，消化或神经问题进行额外治疗。。

Control and Prevention

控制和预防

In different places, the World Health Organization WHO (World Health Organisation) suggests various ways to prevent and control Chagas disease:

在不同的地方，世界卫生组织（WHO）提出了各种预防和控制恰加斯病的方法：

Using bug sprays inside homes and nearby areas to kill insects and keep them away.

在家中和附近地区使用昆虫喷雾剂杀死昆虫并将其远离。

Fixing up homes and keeping them clean to stop bugs from getting in.

修缮房屋，保持房屋清洁，防止虫子进入。

Using bed nets and practicing good hygiene when handling food, during transport, and storage to prevent infection.

在处理食物、运输和储存过程中使用蚊帐并保持良好的卫生习惯，以防止感染。

Creating easy-to-understand information and education programs for different situations and people about how to prevent the disease and use surveillance tools.

为不同情况和人群创建易于理解的信息和教育计划，了解如何预防疾病和使用监测工具。

Checking blood donors to make sure they don't have the disease.

检查献血者以确保他们没有疾病。

Checking organ, tissue, or cell donors and recipients to make sure they don't have the disease

检查器官、组织或细胞供体和受体，以确保他们没有疾病

Here are the top 5 key companies in the Chagas Disease (American trypanosomiasis) market along with brief descriptions:

以下是南美锥虫病（美国锥虫病）市场上排名前5位的关键公司及其简要描述：

Bayer AG: A multinational pharmaceutical company known for its commitment to global health initiatives, including research and development of treatments for neglected tropical diseases like Chagas Disease.

拜耳公司：一家跨国制药公司，以致力于全球健康倡议而闻名，包括研究和开发治疗被忽视的热带疾病（如恰加斯病）的方法。

Sanofi S.A.: A leading pharmaceutical company with a focus on innovative treatments for various diseases, including neglected tropical diseases such as Chagas Disease.

赛诺菲股份有限公司：一家领先的制药公司，专注于各种疾病的创新治疗，包括被忽视的热带疾病，如恰加斯病。

GlaxoSmithKline plc: A global healthcare company dedicated to developing vaccines and treatments for infectious diseases, including Chagas Disease.

葛兰素史克公司：一家全球医疗保健公司，致力于开发包括恰加斯病在内的传染病疫苗和治疗方法。

Novartis AG: A pharmaceutical company known for its research and development efforts in addressing unmet medical needs, including the development of therapies for neglected tropical diseases like Chagas Disease.

诺华公司：一家制药公司，以其在解决未满足的医疗需求方面的研究和开发工作而闻名，包括开发治疗被忽视的热带疾病（如恰加斯病）的疗法。

Merck & Co., Inc.: A leading global healthcare company committed to developing innovative treatments and vaccines for a wide range of diseases, including Chagas Disease.

默克公司：一家全球领先的医疗保健公司，致力于为包括恰加斯病在内的多种疾病开发创新治疗和疫苗。

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