AbstractTo investigate the application of MRI-based vertebral bone quality (VBQ) score in assessing bone mineral density (BMD) for patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). We reviewed the data of AIS patients between January 2021 and October 2023 with MRI, whole-spine plain radiographs, quantitative computed tomography (QCT) and general information.

目的探讨基于MRI的椎体骨质量（VBQ）评分在青少年特发性脊柱侧凸（AIS）患者骨密度（BMD）评估中的应用。我们回顾了2021年1月至2023年10月期间AIS患者的MRI，全脊柱平片，定量计算机断层扫描（QCT）和一般信息。

VBQ score was calculated using T1-weighted MRI. Univariate analysis was applied to present the differences between variables of patients with normal BMD group (QCT Z-score > − 2.0) and low BMD group (QCT Z-score ≤ − 2.0). The correlation between VBQ score and QCT Z-score was analyzed with Pearson correlation test.

使用T1加权MRI计算VBQ评分。应用单变量分析来表示BMD正常组（QCT Z评分>-2.0）和低BMD组（QCT Z评分≤2.0）患者变量之间的差异。采用Pearson相关检验分析VBQ评分与QCT Z评分的相关性。

A multivariate logistic regression model was used to determine the independent factors related to low BMD. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was drawn to analyze the diagnostic performance of VBQ score in distinguishing low BMD. A total of 136 AIS patients (mean age was 14.84 ± 2.10 years) were included, of which 41 had low BMD.

采用多因素logistic回归模型确定与低BMD相关的独立因素。绘制受试者工作特征曲线（ROC）分析VBQ评分对低BMD的诊断性能。共有136名AIS患者（平均年龄为14.84岁） ± 2.10岁），其中41人的BMD较低。

The low BMD group had a significantly higher VBQ score than that in normal group (3.48 ± 0.85 vs. 2.62 ± 0.62, P < 0.001). The VBQ score was significantly negative correlated with QCT Z score (r =  − 0.454, P < 0.001). On multivariate analysis, VBQ score was independently associated with low BMD (OR: 4.134, 95% CI 2.136–8.000, P < 0.001).

低BMD组的VBQ评分显着高于正常组（3.48±0.85比2.62±0.62，P<0.001）。VBQ评分与QCT Z评分显着负相关（r=0.454，P<0.001）。在多变量分析中，VBQ评分与低BMD独立相关（OR:4.134，95%CI 2.136-8.000，P<0.001）。

The area under the ROC curve indicated that the diagnostic accuracy of the VBQ score for predicting low BMD was 81%. A sensitivity of 65.9% with a specificity of 88.4% could be achieved for distinguishing low BMD by setting the VBQ score cutoff as 3.18. The novel VBQ score was a promising tool in distinguishing low BMD in patients with AIS and could be useful as opportunistic assessment for screening and complementary evaluation to .

ROC曲线下面积表明，VBQ评分预测低BMD的诊断准确性为81%。通过将VBQ评分截止值设置为3.18，可以实现65.9%的灵敏度和88.4%的特异性来区分低BMD。新的VBQ评分是区分AIS患者低BMD的有前途的工具，可作为筛查和补充评估的机会评估。

IntroductionAdolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is the most common spinal deformity in children and adolescents aged from 10 to 18 years old1. It is a complex three-dimensional spinal deformity with a risk of progression and has unknown etiology2,3.Surgical intervention can correct spinal deformities as much as possible, maintain overall balance of the spine, and thus maximize the long-term health of the patient's spine4.

引言青少年特发性脊柱侧凸（AIS）是10至18岁儿童和青少年中最常见的脊柱畸形1。它是一种复杂的三维脊柱畸形，有进展的风险，病因不明2,3。手术干预可以尽可能纠正脊柱畸形，维持脊柱的整体平衡，从而最大限度地提高患者脊柱的长期健康4。

However, obtaining good outcomes in spinal correction surgery can be challenging for patients with poor bone quality, which is at an increased risk of postoperative complications such as instrumentation failure, screw loosening, cage subsidence and proximal junctional kyphosis5,6. In addition, poor bone quality is also one of the risk factors for worsening scoliotic curve7,8,9.

然而，对于骨质量差的患者来说，在脊柱矫正手术中获得良好的结果可能具有挑战性，这会增加术后并发症的风险，如器械失效，螺钉松动，椎间融合器下沉和近端交界性后凸畸形5,6。此外，骨质量差也是脊柱侧弯恶化的危险因素之一[7,8,9]。

Therefore, screening of bone mineral density (BMD) is integral to effective preoperative optimization of potentially low BMD or osteoporotic patients with AIS.Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) has been widely used clinically to evaluate the bone mass due to its low radiation exposure, low cost, and strong applicability.

因此，骨密度（BMD）的筛查对于潜在低BMD或骨质疏松性AIS患者的有效术前优化至关重要。双能X线骨密度仪（DXA）由于其低辐射暴露，低成本和强适用性，已被广泛用于临床评估骨量。

However, DXA may incorrectly estimate the BMD in patients with severe obesity, sclerosing disease or scoliosis10,11. Conversely, three-dimensional scanning with quantitative computed tomography (QCT) can overcome the deficiencies of DXA by providing accurate volumetric BMD measurement but requires the higher radiation dose.

然而，DXA可能会错误地估计严重肥胖，硬化性疾病或脊柱侧弯患者的BMD 10,11。相反，定量计算机断层扫描（QCT）的三维扫描可以通过提供准确的体积BMD测量来克服DXA的缺陷，但需要更高的辐射剂量。

In 2019, Ehresman et al.12 proposed a novel magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based vertebral bone quality (VBQ) score to evaluate BMD. The VBQ score can be used to evaluate detrimental fat infiltration within the vertebral body based on MRI T1-weighted imaging of lumbar spine. Since then, many studies have confirmed that the VBQ score w.

2019年，Ehresman等[12]提出了一种新的基于磁共振成像（MRI）的椎体骨质量（VBQ）评分来评估BMD。VBQ评分可用于评估基于MRI T1加权成像的椎体内有害脂肪浸润腰椎。从那时起，许多研究证实VBQ得分为w。

Data availability

数据可用性

The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

本研究中使用和/或分析的数据集可根据合理要求从通讯作者处获得。

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Download referencesAuthor informationAuthors and AffiliationsRadiology Department, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, No. 82 Qinglong Road, Qingyang District, Chengdu, 610031, Sichuan, ChinaDan-dan Yang, Yi Li, Jiang-yu Tian, Ya Li, Jian Liu, Yun-song Liu & Xin-wen CaoDepartment of Radiology, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, No.

下载参考文献作者信息作者和附属机构成都市青羊区青龙路82号成都市第三人民医院放射科，中国四川省610031丹阳市丹阳区丹阳区丹阳区丹阳区丹阳区丹阳区丹阳区丹阳区丹阳区丹阳区丹阳区丹阳区丹阳区丹阳区丹阳区丹阳区丹阳区丹阳区丹阳区丹阳区丹阳区丹阳区丹阳区丹阳区丹阳区丹阳区丹阳区丹阳区丹阳区丹阳区丹阳区丹阳区丹阳区丹阳区丹阳区丹阳区丹阳区丹阳。

20 Renmin South Road, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610044, Sichuan, ChinaChuan LiuAuthorsDan-dan YangView author publicationsYou can also search for this author in.

中国四川省成都市武侯区人民南路20号，邮编610044刘川作者dan dan YangView作者出版物您也可以在中搜索该作者。

PubMed Google ScholarYi LiView author publicationsYou can also search for this author in

PubMed Google ScholarYi LiView作者出版物您也可以在

PubMed Google ScholarJiang-yu TianView author publicationsYou can also search for this author in

PubMed Google ScholarJiang yu TianView作者出版物您也可以在

PubMed Google ScholarYa LiView author publicationsYou can also search for this author in

PubMed Google ScholarYa LiView作者出版物您也可以在

PubMed Google ScholarJian LiuView author publicationsYou can also search for this author in

PubMed Google ScholarJian LiuView作者出版物您也可以在

PubMed Google ScholarYun-song LiuView author publicationsYou can also search for this author in

PubMed Google ScholarYun song LiuView作者出版物您也可以在

PubMed Google ScholarXin-wen CaoView author publicationsYou can also search for this author in

PubMed Google ScholarXin wen CaoView作者出版物您也可以在

PubMed Google ScholarChuan LiuView author publicationsYou can also search for this author in

PubMed Google ScholarChuan LiuView作者出版物您也可以在

PubMed Google ScholarContributionsY.D.D. and L.C. designed the study; Y.D.D., L.Y., C.X.W. and T.J.Y. collected the data; Y.D.D. and L.C. reviewed the data; L.Y., L.J., L.Y.S. and Y.D.D. analyzed and interpreted the data; Y.D.D. and L.C. drafted the manuscript; L.C., C.X.W. and L.J.

PubMed谷歌学术贡献。D、 D.和L.C.设计了这项研究；Y、 D.D.，L.Y.，C.X.W.和T.J.Y.收集了数据；Y、 D.D.和L.C.审查了数据；五十、 Y.，L.J.，L.Y.S.和Y.D.D.分析并解释了数据；Y、 D.D.和L.C.起草了手稿；五十、 C.，C.X.W.和L.J。

contributed to critical revision of the manuscript. All authors have read and approved the final manuscript.Corresponding authorCorrespondence to.

为稿件的批判性修订做出了贡献。所有作者都阅读并批准了最终手稿。对应作者对应。

Chuan Liu.Ethics declarations

刘川。道德宣言

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Reprints and permissionsAbout this articleCite this articleYang, Dd., Li, Y., Tian, Jy. et al. MRI-based vertebral bone quality score as a novel bone status marker of patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.

转载和许可本文引用本文Yang，Dd.，Li，Y.，Tian，Jy。基于MRI的椎体骨质量评分作为青少年特发性脊柱侧凸患者的新型骨状态标志物。

Sci Rep 14, 12518 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-63426-9Download citationReceived: 09 January 2024Accepted: 29 May 2024Published: 31 May 2024DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-63426-9Share this articleAnyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content:Get shareable linkSorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article.Copy to clipboard.

Sci Rep 1412518（2024）。https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-63426-9Download引文接收日期：2024年1月9日接受日期：2024年5月29日发布日期：2024年5月31日OI：https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-63426-9Share本文与您共享以下链接的任何人都可以阅读此内容：获取可共享链接对不起，本文目前没有可共享的链接。复制到剪贴板。

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KeywordsAdolescent idiopathic scoliosisVertebral bone qualityBone mineral densityQuantitative computed tomography

关键词软化性特发性脊柱侧凸椎骨质量骨矿物质密度定量计算机断层扫描

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