AbstractNIMH’s mission is to transform the understanding and treatment of mental illnesses through basic and clinical research, paving the way for prevention, recovery, and cure. New imaging techniques hold great promise for improving our understanding of the pathophysiology of mental illnesses, stratifying patients for treatment selection, and developing a personalized medicine approach.

。新的成像技术有望提高我们对精神疾病病理生理学的理解，对患者进行治疗选择分层，并开发个性化医疗方法。

Here, we highlight emerging and promising new technologies that are likely to be vital in helping NIMH accomplish its mission, the potential for utilizing multimodal approaches to study mental illness, and considerations for data analytics and data sharing..

在这里，我们重点介绍了新兴和有前途的新技术，这些技术可能对帮助NIMH完成其使命至关重要，利用多模式方法研究精神疾病的潜力，以及数据分析和数据共享的考虑因素。。

IntroductionThe mission of the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) is to transform the understanding and treatment of mental illnesses through basic and clinical research, paving the way for prevention, recovery, and cure. Neuroimaging technologies have the potential to be pivotal in improving our understanding of mental illness pathophysiology, identifying brain targets for interventions, and predicting of treatment response, all with the goal of developing a personalized medicine approach.

简介国家心理健康研究所（NIMH）的使命是通过基础和临床研究改变对精神疾病的理解和治疗，为预防，康复和治疗铺平道路。神经成像技术有可能在提高我们对精神疾病病理生理学的理解，确定干预的大脑目标以及预测治疗反应方面发挥关键作用，所有这些都是为了开发个性化医疗方法。

Research studies that employ novel neuroimaging technologies are part of NIMH’s basic and translational research agenda and priorities (https://www.nimh.nih.gov/about/strategic-planning-reports, https://www.nimh.nih.gov/funding/opportunities-announcements). This paper highlights emerging positron emission tomography (PET) and magnetic resonance (MR) technologies as well as advances in imaging approaches in model systems in studies of mental health and illness.

采用新型神经影像技术的研究是NIMH基础和转化研究议程和优先事项的一部分(https://www.nimh.nih.gov/about/strategic-planning-reports，https://www.nimh.nih.gov/funding/opportunities-announcements)。本文重点介绍了新兴的正电子发射断层扫描（PET）和磁共振（MR）技术，以及心理健康和疾病研究中模型系统成像方法的进展。

These technologies have great potential for advancing the field via investigating neural and molecular systems in vivo and for accelerating the discovery of biomarkers for mental illness risk, trajectories, and treatments aligned with NIMH’s mission.PET imagingRecent advances in PET hardware, data analytics, and tracer development have expanded the range of relevant biological targets, enabling focused assessment of neuroinflammation, synaptic function, endocannabinoid system, mitochondrial function, and dopaminergic function.

这些技术通过在体内研究神经和分子系统以及加速发现与NIMH任务一致的精神疾病风险，轨迹和治疗的生物标志物，在推进该领域方面具有巨大潜力。PET成像PET硬件，数据分析和示踪剂开发的最新进展扩大了相关生物靶标的范围，从而能够重点评估神经炎症，突触功能，内源性大麻素系统，线粒体功能和多巴胺能功能。

Evidence suggests that neuroinflammation, the activation of glial cells that maintain homeostasis and are the first line of defense against infection and damage [1], may play a critical role in the pathophysiology of different mental disorders [2]. While previous findings with the 18 kDa transloca.

有证据表明，神经炎症，即维持体内平衡的神经胶质细胞的激活，是抵抗感染和损伤的第一道防线，可能在不同精神障碍的病理生理学中起关键作用。而以前的发现是18 kDa的transloca。

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Download referencesFundingOpen access funding provided by the National Institutes of Health.Author informationAuthors and AffiliationsNational Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USAS. Andrea Wijtenburg, Laura M. Rowland, Aleksandra Vicentic, Andrew F.

下载National Institutes of Health提供的referencesFundingOpen access资助。作者信息作者和附属机构美国国立卫生研究院国家心理健康研究所，美国马里兰州罗克维尔。安德里亚·维滕堡（AndreaWijtenburg），劳拉·M·罗兰（LauraM.Rowland），亚历山德拉·维琴奇（AleksandraVicentic），安德鲁·F。

Rossi, Linda S. Brady, Joshua A. Gordon & Sarah H. LisanbyAuthorsS. Andrea WijtenburgView author publicationsYou can also search for this author in.

罗西（Rossi）、琳达·S·布雷迪（LindaS.Brady）、约书亚·A·戈登（JoshuaA.Gordon）和莎拉·H·莉桑比（SarahH.LisanByAuthors）。Andrea WijtenburgView作者出版物您也可以在中搜索此作者。

PubMed Google ScholarLaura M. RowlandView author publicationsYou can also search for this author in

PubMed Google ScholarLaura M.RowlandView作者出版物您也可以在

PubMed Google ScholarAleksandra VicenticView author publicationsYou can also search for this author in

PubMed Google ScholarAndrew F. RossiView author publicationsYou can also search for this author in

PubMed Google ScholarAndrew F.RossiView作者出版物您也可以在

PubMed Google ScholarLinda S. BradyView author publicationsYou can also search for this author in

PubMed Google ScholarLinda S.BradyView作者出版物您也可以在

PubMed Google ScholarJoshua A. GordonView author publicationsYou can also search for this author in

PubMed谷歌学者Joshua A.GordonView作者出版物您也可以在

PubMed Google ScholarSarah H. LisanbyView author publicationsYou can also search for this author in

PubMed Google ScholarSarah H.LisanbyView作者出版物您也可以在

PubMed Google ScholarContributionsAll authors wrote, revised, and approved the manuscript for publication.Corresponding authorCorrespondence to

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S、 Andrea Wijtenburg。道德宣言

Competing interests

相互竞争的利益

Dr. Lisanby is inventor on patents and patent applications on electrical and magnetic brain stimulation therapy systems held by the NIH and Columbia University, with no remuneration. The opinions expressed in this article are the author’s own and do not reflect the views of the National Institutes of Health, the Department of Health and Human Services, or the United States government.

Lisanby博士是美国国立卫生研究院（NIH）和哥伦比亚大学（Columbia University）拥有的脑电刺激和磁刺激治疗系统专利和专利申请的发明人，无报酬。本文中表达的观点是作者自己的观点，并不反映美国国立卫生研究院、卫生与公众服务部或美国政府的观点。

The remaining authors have nothing to disclose..

其余作者没有什么要披露的。。

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Reprints and permissionsAbout this articleCite this articleWijtenburg, S.A., Rowland, L.M., Vicentic, A. et al. NIMH perspectives on future directions in neuroimaging for mental health.

转载和许可本文引用本文Wijtenburg，S.A.，Rowland，L.M.，Vicentic，A。等人。NIMH对心理健康神经影像未来方向的展望。

Neuropsychopharmacol. (2024). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41386-024-01900-8Download citationReceived: 01 March 2024Revised: 31 May 2024Accepted: 02 June 2024Published: 19 June 2024DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41386-024-01900-8Share this articleAnyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content:Get shareable linkSorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article.Copy to clipboard.

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