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Augmented intelligence (AI) is emerging as a powerful tool in medical diagnostics, decision-support, and administration (e.g., billing and prior authorization) [1]. Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) and chatbots [2] have created space for patient-facing AI applications that can transform traditional human interactions, enhance patient education, address gaps in care, and overcome communication barriers, like language disparities [3]; however, ethical concerns arise when considering full replacement of human care with AI [4], necessitating a human-in-the-loop approach where AI acts as a supportive tool under clinician oversight [5].One area where AI can potentially enhance care is allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HCT).

增强智能（AI）正在成为医学诊断，决策支持和管理（例如计费和事先授权）的强大工具。大型语言模型（LLM）和聊天机器人（2）的最新进展为面向患者的AI应用程序创造了空间，这些应用程序可以改变传统的人类互动，增强患者教育，解决护理差距，克服沟通障碍，如语言差异（3）；然而，当考虑用人工智能（4）完全替代人类护理时，伦理问题就会出现，这需要一种人在回路的方法，人工智能在临床医生的监督下作为支持工具。AI可能增强护理的一个领域是异基因造血干细胞移植（HCT）。

HCT is a complex procedure associated with significant physical and psychological distress [6], particularly in the first 30 days post-transplant [7], including delirium, post-traumatic stress, anxiety, depression, and loneliness. This period is often marked by adverse effects from the conditioning regimen, uncertainty about engraftment timing, and the complexities of post-transplant care.

HCT是一个复杂的过程，与严重的身体和心理困扰有关，特别是在移植后的前30天，包括谵妄、创伤后压力、焦虑、抑郁和孤独。。

While medical teams strive to provide psychosocial support and education, access is limited by human resources. This single-arm pilot study adapted a ‘human-in-the-loop’ (HITL) AI avatar chatbot for patients undergoing HCT, based on HCT team feedback, and evaluated the feasibility and usability of implementing this avatar chatbot for inpatients undergoing reduced-intensity conditioning (RIC) HCT at the Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women’s Cancer Center (DF/BWCC) in Boston, MA (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05600101)..

虽然医疗团队努力提供心理社会支持和教育，但获取机会受到人力资源的限制。这项单臂试点研究根据HCT团队的反馈，为接受HCT的患者改编了一个“人在回路”（HITL）AI化身聊天机器人，并评估了在马萨诸塞州波士顿的达纳法伯/布里格姆和妇女癌症中心（DF/BWCC）为接受低强度调理（RIC）HCT的住院患者实施该化身聊天机器人的可行性和可用性（ClinicalTrials.gov标识符：NCT05600101）。。

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For original data, please contact Gregory_Abel@dfci.harvard.edu.

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Download referencesFundingFundingResearch reported in this publication was supported by the National Cancer Institute of the National Institutes of Health under Award Number 1R44CA236253-01. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health.Author informationAuthors and AffiliationsDepartment of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USAAmar H.

下载参考文献本出版物中报道的FundingFundingResearch得到了美国国立卫生研究院国家癌症研究所的支持，奖项编号为1R44CA236253-01。。作者信息作者和附属机构美国马萨诸塞州波士顿达纳法伯癌症研究所医学肿瘤学系。

Kelkar, Nicholas Groblewski, Dillon Clancy, Sara D. Close, Lauren M. Sullivan, Corey Cutler & Gregory A. AbelHarvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USAAmar H. Kelkar, Corey Cutler & Gregory A. Abelcare.coach Corporation, Millbrae, CA, USAChantal Kerssens, Danielle Sherman-Manhard & Victor WangAuthorsAmar H.

凯尔卡，尼古拉斯·格罗布夫斯基，狄龙·克兰西，萨拉·D·克洛斯，劳伦·M·沙利文，科里·卡特勒和格雷戈里·A·阿贝尔哈瓦德医学院，马萨诸塞州波士顿，乌萨马尔·H·凯尔卡，科里·卡特勒和格雷戈里·A·阿贝尔卡雷·科奇公司，加利福尼亚州米尔布雷，乌萨桑塔尔·科森，丹妮尔·谢尔曼·曼哈德和维克托·旺格奥尔萨马·H。

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PubMed Google ScholarContributionsConceptualization: AHK, VW, GAA; methodology: AHK, CK, VW, GAA; software: CK, DSM, VW; formal analysis: AHK, NG, DC; investigation: AHK, NG, DC, DSM, GAA; resources: VW, GAA; data curation: AHK, CK, NG, DC, DSM; writing—original draft preparation: AHK, NG; writing—review and editing: AHK, CK, NG, DC, SDC, LMS, DSM, CC, VW, GAA; visualization: AHK, NG, GAA; supervision: VW, GAA; project administration: CK, GAA; funding acquisition: CK, VW.

PubMed谷歌学术贡献概念：AHK，VW，GAA；方法学：AHK，CK，VW，GAA；软件：CK，DSM，VW；形式分析：AHK，NG，DC；调查：AHK，NG，DC，DSM，GAA；资源：大众，GAA；数据管理：AHK，CK，NG，DC，DSM；撰写初稿准备：AHK，NG；写作评论和编辑：AHK，CK，NG，DC，SDC，LMS，DSM，CC，VW，GAA；可视化：AHK，NG，GAA；；项目管理：CK，GAA；资金收购：CK，VW。

All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.Corresponding authorCorrespondence to.

所有作者均已阅读并同意稿件的发布版本。对应作者对应。

Gregory A. Abel.Ethics declarations

格雷戈里·阿贝尔。道德宣言

Competing interests

相互竞争的利益

CK, DSM, and VW report employment, equity interest, and management/governance positions with care.coach corporation. The remaining authors report no relevant conflicts of interest.

CK、DSM和VW向care.coach corporation报告就业、股权和管理/治理职位。其余作者报告没有相关的利益冲突。

Institutional Review Board Approval

机构审查委员会批准

All subjects gave their informed consent for inclusion before they participated in the study. The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki, and the protocol was approved by the DF/BWCC Office for Human Research Studies (Protocol 22-412).

所有受试者在参与研究之前均已获得知情同意书。该研究是根据赫尔辛基宣言进行的，该方案得到了DF/BWCC人类研究办公室的批准（方案22-412）。

Additional informationPublisher’s note Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.Supplementary informationData SupplementRights and permissionsReprints and permissionsAbout this articleCite this articleKelkar, A.H., Kerssens, C., Groblewski, N.

Additional informationPublisher的注释Springer Nature在已发布的地图和机构隶属关系中的管辖权主张方面保持中立。补充信息数据补充权利和许可本文引用本文Kelkar，A.H.，Kerssens，C.，Groblewski，N。

et al. Human-in-the-loop avatar chatbot shows promise in supporting hematopoietic stem cell transplantation patients..

等人。人在环化身聊天机器人在支持造血干细胞移植患者方面显示出前景。。

Bone Marrow Transplant (2024). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41409-024-02334-yDownload citationReceived: 22 April 2024Revised: 10 June 2024Accepted: 14 June 2024Published: 20 June 2024DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41409-024-02334-yShare this articleAnyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content:Get shareable linkSorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article.Copy to clipboard.

骨髓移植（2024）。https://doi.org/10.1038/s41409-024-02334-yDownload引文收到日期：2024年4月22日修订日期：2024年6月10日接受日期：2024年6月14日发布日期：2024年6月20日OI：https://doi.org/10.1038/s41409-024-02334-yShare本文与您共享以下链接的任何人都可以阅读此内容：获取可共享链接对不起，本文目前没有可共享的链接。复制到剪贴板。

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