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register hereThe prevalence of insomnia has increased in recent years, significantly affecting the lives of many individuals. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection has been found to have a substantial impact on the human gut microbiota (GM). Clinical studies have shown that the high prevalence, prolonged duration, and refractory treatment of insomnia symptoms following the COVID-19 pandemic may be related to the effect of COVID-19 infection on the GM.

。2019年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）感染已被发现对人类肠道微生物群（GM）产生重大影响。临床研究表明，COVID-19大流行后失眠症状的高发病率，持续时间延长和难治性治疗可能与COVID-19感染对GM的影响有关。

Therefore, the GM may be a potential target for the treatment of insomnia following COVID-19 infection. However, relevant studies have not been well-documented, and the GM has not been sufficiently analyzed in the context of insomnia treatment. Herein, we review the interaction between sleep and the GM, summarize the characteristics of COVID-19-induced abnormal changes in the GM and metabolites in patients with insomnia, and discuss potential mechanisms, including metabolic, immune, and neural pathways, by which these abnormal changes in the GM cause insomnia as well as the factors affecting the GM.

因此，GM可能是治疗COVID-19感染后失眠的潜在目标。然而，相关研究尚未得到充分证明，在失眠治疗的背景下，GM尚未得到充分分析。在此，我们回顾了睡眠与GM之间的相互作用，总结了新型冠状病毒引起的失眠患者GM和代谢物异常变化的特征，并讨论了潜在的机制，包括代谢，免疫和神经通路，通过这些异常变化，GM引起失眠以及影响GM的因素。

Finally, we discuss 1 Abbreviations: gut microbiota (GM); coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2); post-acute COVID-19 syndrome (PACS); Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes (F/B); traditional Chinese medicine (TCM); fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT); angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE-2); short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs); 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HT); weight loss (WL); tea polyphenols (TPs); microbiota-gut-brain axis (MGBA); gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA); vagus nerve (VN); non-rapid eye movement (NREM); tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α); rapid eye movement (REM); Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI); fructooligosaccharides (FOSs); galactooligosaccharides (GOS.

最后，我们讨论1个缩写：肠道微生物群（GM）；2019年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）；严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）；急性新型冠状病毒肺炎后综合征（PACS）；厚壁菌门/拟杆菌门（F/B）；中医（TCM）；粪便微生物群移植（FMT）；血管紧张素转换酶2（ACE-2）；短链脂肪酸（SCFA）；5-羟基色氨酸（5-HT）；体重减轻（WL）；茶多酚（TPs）；微生物-肠-脑轴（MGBA）；γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）；迷走神经（VN）；非快速眼动（NREM）；肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）；快速眼动（REM）；匹兹堡睡眠质量指数（PSQI）；；低聚半乳糖（GOS）。