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register hereBackground: Uveitis refers to a group inflammation affecting the uvea, retina, retinal blood vessels as well as vitreous body, which is one of the common causes of blindness. There is growing evidence linking different types of immune cells to uveitis, although it remains uncertain if these associations imply causal relationships.

背景：葡萄膜炎是指影响葡萄膜、视网膜、视网膜血管以及玻璃体的一组炎症，是致盲的常见原因之一。越来越多的证据表明不同类型的免疫细胞与葡萄膜炎有关，尽管这些关联是否意味着因果关系尚不确定。

Recent advancements in high-density genetic markers like SNPs or CNVs for genotyping, along with the progress in genome-wide association studies (GWAS) technologies, have improved our understanding of the immunological mechanisms involved in ocular diseases. Therefore, our objective was to investigate the potential causal link between immune cells and uveitis using a Mendelian randomization study.The exposure and outcome GWAS data for this study were sourced from an open-access database (https://gwas.mrcieu.ac.uk/).

用于基因分型的高密度遗传标记（如SNP或CNV）的最新进展，以及全基因组关联研究（GWAS）技术的进展，提高了我们对眼部疾病免疫机制的理解。因此，我们的目标是使用孟德尔随机研究来研究免疫细胞与葡萄膜炎之间的潜在因果关系。这项研究的暴露和结果GWAS数据来自开放获取数据库(https://gwas.mrcieu.ac.uk/)。

Two-sample MR analysis was utilized to evaluate the causal relationship between 731 immune cell features and uveitis. Various MR methods were employed to reduce bias and obtain dependable estimates of the causal link between the immune cell variables and the outcomes. Instrumental variable selection criteria were carefully chosen to enhance the accuracy and efficacy of the causal relationship between different immune cell types and the risk of uveitis.Results: Using two-sample MR, IVW modeling showed that GAD had significant effect on immunophenotypes.

双样本MR分析用于评估731免疫细胞特征与葡萄膜炎之间的因果关系。采用各种MR方法来减少偏倚，并获得免疫细胞变量与结果之间因果关系的可靠估计。仔细选择工具变量选择标准，以提高不同免疫细胞类型与葡萄膜炎风险之间因果关系的准确性和有效性。结果：使用双样本MR，IVW建模显示GAD对免疫表型有显着影响。

CD3 levels on CD45RA-CD4+ T cells (OR=1.087, 95%CI=1.029~1.147, P=0.003) and CD3 levels on CM CD4+ T cells (OR=1.086, 95%CI=1.033~1.141, P=0.001) were found to be elevated in cases of uveitis. HLA DR levels in CD14-CD16+ monocyte cells (OR=0.735, 95% CI=0.635~0.850, P<0.001) and HLA DR levels in NK cells (OR=0.910, 95% CI=0.851~0.972, P=0.005) were observed to be.

葡萄膜炎患者CD45RA-CD4+T细胞的CD3水平（OR=1.087，95%CI=1.029〜1.147，P=0.003）和CM CD4+T细胞的CD3水平（OR=1.086，95%CI=1.033〜1.141，P=0.001）升高。观察到CD14-CD16+单核细胞中的HLA DR水平（OR=0.735，95%CI=0.635〜0.850，P＜0.001）和NK细胞中的HLA DR水平（OR=0.910，95%CI=0.851〜0.972，P=0.005）。