AbstractThe subgenual anterior cingulate cortex (sgACC) has been identified as a key brain area involved in various cognitive and emotional processes. While the sgACC has been implicated in both emotional valuation and emotional conflict monitoring, it is still unclear how this area integrates multiple functions.

摘要膝下前扣带回皮层（sgACC）已被确定为参与各种认知和情绪过程的关键大脑区域。虽然sgACC涉及情绪评估和情绪冲突监测，但尚不清楚该领域如何整合多种功能。

We characterized both single neuron and local field oscillatory activity in 14 patients undergoing sgACC deep brain stimulation for treatment-resistant depression. During recording, patients were presented with a modified Stroop task containing emotional face images that varied in valence and congruence.

我们对14例接受sgACC深部脑刺激治疗难治性抑郁症的患者的单神经元和局部场振荡活动进行了表征。在记录过程中，向患者提供了一个改进的Stroop任务，其中包含在效价和一致性方面变化的情绪面部图像。

We further analyzed spike-field interactions to understand how network dynamics influence single neuron activity in this area. Most single neurons responded to both valence and congruence, revealing that sgACC neuronal activity can encode multiple processes within the same task, indicative of multifunctionality.

我们进一步分析了尖峰场相互作用，以了解网络动力学如何影响该区域的单个神经元活动。大多数单个神经元对效价和一致性都有反应，这表明sgACC神经元活动可以在同一任务中编码多个过程，表明多功能性。

During peak neuronal response, we observed increased spectral power in low frequency oscillations, including theta-band synchronization (4–8 Hz), as well as desynchronization in beta-band frequencies (13–30 Hz). Theta activity was modulated by current trial congruency with greater increases in spectral power following non-congruent stimuli, while beta desynchronizations occurred regardless of emotional valence.

在峰值神经元反应期间，我们观察到低频振荡的频谱功率增加，包括θ波段同步（4-8Hz），以及β波段频率（13-30Hz）的去同步。θ活动受当前试验一致性的调节，非一致性刺激后光谱功率增加更大，而无论情绪效价如何，β去同步都会发生。

Spike-field interactions revealed that local sgACC spiking was phase-locked most prominently to the beta band, whereas phase-locking to the theta band occurred in fewer neurons overall but was modulated more strongly for neurons that were responsive to task. Our findings provide the first direct evidence of spike-field interactions relating to emotional cognitive processing in the human sgACC.

尖峰-场相互作用表明，局部sgACC尖峰对β波段的相位锁定最为明显，而对θ波段的相位锁定总体上发生在较少的神经元中，但对任务有反应的神经元的调制更为强烈。。

Furthermore, we directly related theta oscillatory dy.

此外，我们直接关联了θ振荡dy。

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Fig. 1: Schematic illustration of the modified emotional faces Stroop task and experimental protocol.Fig. 2: Summary of single neuron responses.Fig. 3: Oscillatory dynamics in response to task.Fig. 4: Spike-field interactions in relation to task.

图1：修改的情绪面孔Stroop任务和实验协议的示意图。图2：单神经元反应的总结。图3：响应任务的振荡动力学。图4：与任务相关的尖峰场相互作用。

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All custom MATLAB R2022b (Mathworks) code used for data analysis is available upon reasonable request.

可根据合理要求提供用于数据分析的所有自定义MATLAB R2022b（Mathworks）代码。

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Download referencesAcknowledgementsAuthors thank all participants. This project was funded by Alberta Innovates Health Solutions (AIHS, #04126-2017). AJG received funding through Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) and New Frontiers in Research Fund (NFRF).

下载参考文献致谢作者感谢所有参与者。该项目由艾伯塔省创新健康解决方案（AIHS，#04126-2017）资助。AJG通过加拿大自然科学与工程研究委员会（NSERC）和新前沿研究基金（NFRF）获得资金。

DLC and ECB were both AIHS post-doctoral fellows and received additional funding from NSERC-CREATE. APA and NAZ also received funding from NSERC-CREATE. LHK received scholarships from Parkinson Canada, Parkinson Alberta and Eyes High, and MSN was funded by NSERC-CREATE and Parkinson Canada.FundingFundingZHTK and RR: Alberta Innovates Health Solutions (AIHS, #04126-2017).Author informationAuthors and AffiliationsHotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, CanadaNicole A.

。APA和NAZ也获得了NSERC-CREATE的资助。LHK获得了加拿大帕金森（Parkinson Canada）、阿尔伯塔省帕金森（Parkinson Alberta）和Eyes High的奖学金，MSN由NSERC-CREATE和加拿大帕金森（Parkinson Canada）资助。FundingFundingZHTK和RR：阿尔伯塔省创新健康解决方案（AIHS，#04126-2017）。作者信息作者和附属机构加拿大卡尔加里大学卡尔加里分校Shotchkiss大脑研究所。

Zalasky, Feng Luo, Linda H. Kim, M. Sohail Noor, Elliot C. Brown, Ana P. Arantes, Rajamannar Ramasubbu, Zelma H. T. Kiss & Darren L. ClarkDepartment of Clinical Neurosciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, CanadaNicole A. Zalasky, Feng Luo, Linda H. Kim, M. Sohail Noor, Elliot C.

萨拉斯基，冯罗，琳达·H·金，M。Sohail Noor，Elliot C.Brown，Ana P.Arantes，Rajamannar Ramasubbu，Zelma H.T.Kiss＆Darren L.ClarkDepartment of Clinical Neurosciences，卡尔加里大学卡明医学院，卡尔加里，加拿大。Sohail Noor，Elliot C。

Brown, Ana P. Arantes, Rajamannar Ramasubbu, Zelma H. T. Kiss & Darren L. ClarkMathison Centre for Mental Health Research & Education, University of Calgary, Calgary, CanadaElliot C. Brown, Rajamannar Ramasubbu, Zelma H. T. Kiss & Darren L. ClarkDepartment of Psychiatry, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, CanadaElliot C.

Brown，Ana P.Arantes，Rajamannar Ramasubu，Zelma H.T.Kiss&Darren L.ClarkMathison卡尔加里大学心理健康研究与教育中心。

Brown, Rajamannar Ramasubbu, Zelma H. T. Kiss & Darren L. ClarkCanadian Centre for Behavioural Neuroscience, Department of Neuroscience, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, CanadaAaron J. GruberAuthorsNicole A. ZalaskyView author publicationsYou can also search for this author in.

Brown，Rajamannar Ramasubbu，Zelma H.T.Kiss＆Darren L.ClarkCanadian行为神经科学中心，加拿大莱思布里奇大学神经科学系Aaron J.GruberAuthorsNicole A.ZalaskyView作者出版物您也可以在中搜索这位作者。

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PubMed Google ScholarContributionsNAZ, AJG, RR, ZHTK, and DLC contributed to study conceptualization and design. FL, LHK, MSN, ECB and DLC participated in data collection. NAZ, APA, AJG, ZHTK and DLC contributed to methodology and software. NAZ and DLC performed formal analysis.

PubMed谷歌学术贡献SNAZ，AJG，RR，ZHTK和DLC为研究概念化和设计做出了贡献。FL，LHK，MSN，ECB和DLC参与了数据收集。NAZ、APA、AJG、ZHTK和DLC为方法论和软件做出了贡献。NAZ和DLC进行了正式分析。

NAZ contributed to formal drafting of the original article, and all authors contributed to editing and review. RR, ZHTK and DLC contributed to project administration. ZHTK and DLC supplied resources and supervised all aspects of this study. Study funding was acquired by RR and ZHTK. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.Corresponding authorCorrespondence to.

NAZ为原始文章的正式起草做出了贡献，所有作者都为编辑和评论做出了贡献。RR、ZHTK和DLC为项目管理做出了贡献。ZHTK和DLC提供了资源并监督了这项研究的各个方面。研究资金由RR和ZHTK获得。所有作者都阅读并批准了最终稿件。对应作者对应。

Zelma H. T. Kiss.Ethics declarations

泽尔玛·H·T·基斯。道德宣言

Competing interests

相互竞争的利益

The authors declare no competing interests.

作者声明没有利益冲突。

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Additional informationPublisher的注释Springer Nature在已发布的地图和机构隶属关系中的管辖权主张方面保持中立。补充信息补充材料权利和许可Pringer Nature或其许可方（例如协会或其他合作伙伴）根据与作者或其他权利持有人的出版协议对本文拥有专有权；本文接受稿件版本的作者自行存档仅受此类出版协议和适用法律的条款管辖。转载和许可本文引用本文Zalasky，N.A.，Luo，F.，Kim，L.H。

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等人。在难治性抑郁症的情绪面孔处理过程中，通过人类膝下扣带回的细胞场相互作用整合效价和冲突处理。。

Mol Psychiatry (2024). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41380-024-02667-6Download citationReceived: 21 July 2023Revised: 26 June 2024Accepted: 05 July 2024Published: 20 July 2024DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41380-024-02667-6Share this articleAnyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content:Get shareable linkSorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article.Copy to clipboard.

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