The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.You have multiple emails registered with Frontiers:Please enter your email address:

这篇文章的最终格式化版本将很快发布。您在Frontiers注册了多封电子邮件：请输入您的电子邮件地址：

If you already have an account, please

如果您已经有账户，请

login

登录名

You don't have a Frontiers account ? You can

你没有Frontiers帐户？你可以

register hereSeveral urinary biomarkers have good diagnostic value for diabetic kidney disease (DKD); however, the predictive value is limited with the use of single biomarkers. We investigated the clinical value of Luminex liquid suspension chip detection of several urinary biomarkers simultaneously.The study included 737 patients: 585 with diabetes mellitus (DM) and 152 with DKD.

在此登记几种尿液生物标志物对糖尿病肾病（DKD）具有良好的诊断价值；然而，预测价值受限于使用单一生物标志物。我们同时研究了Luminex液体悬浮芯片检测几种尿液生物标志物的临床价值。该研究包括737名患者：585名糖尿病（DM）患者和152名DKD患者。

Propensity score matching (PSM) of demographic and medical characteristics identified a subset of 78 patients (DM = 39, DKD = 39). Two Luminex liquid suspension chips were used to detect 11 urinary biomarkers according to their molecular weight and concentration. The biomarkers, including cystatin C (CysC), nephrin, epidermal growth factor (EGF), kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), retinol-binding protein4 (RBP4), α1-microglobulin (α1-MG), β2-microglobulin (β2-MG), vitamin D binding protein (VDBP), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 (TIMP-1), tumor necrosis factor receptor-1 (TNFR-1), and tumor necrosis factor receptor-2 (TNFR-2) were compared in the DM and DKD groups.

人口统计学和医学特征的倾向评分匹配（PSM）确定了78名患者的子集（DM=39，DKD=39）。使用两种Luminex液体悬浮芯片根据其分子量和浓度检测11种尿液生物标志物。比较DM组和DKD组的生物标志物，包括胱抑素C（CysC），肾素，表皮生长因子（EGF），肾损伤分子-1（KIM-1），视黄醇结合蛋白4（RBP4），α1-微球蛋白（α1-MG），β2-微球蛋白（β2-MG），维生素D结合蛋白（VDBP），金属蛋白酶组织抑制剂-1（TIMP-1），肿瘤坏死因子受体-1（TNFR-1）和肿瘤坏死因子受体-2（TNFR-2）。

The diagnostic values of single biomarkers and various biomarker combinations for early diagnosis of DKD were assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.Urinary levels of VDBP, RBP4, and KIM-1 were markedly higher in the DKD group than in the DM group (p < 0.05), whereas the TIMP-1, TNFR-1, TNFR-2, α1-MG, β2-MG, CysC, nephrin, and EGF levels were not significantly different between the groups.

使用受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线分析评估单个生物标志物和各种生物标志物组合对DKD早期诊断的诊断价值。DKD组尿VDBP、RBP4和KIM-1水平明显高于DM组（p＜0.05），而TIMP-1、TNFR-1、TNFR-2、α1-MG、β2-MG、CysC、nephrin和EGF水平在各组间无显著差异。

RBP4, KIM-1, TNFR-2, and VDBP reached p < 0.01in univariate analysis and were entered into the final analysis. VDBP had the highest AUC (0.780, p < 0.01), followed by RBP4 (0.711, p < 0.01), KIM-1 (0.640, p = 0.044), and TNFR-2 (0.615, p = 0.081). However, a combination of these four urinary biomarke.

RBP4、KIM-1、TNFR-2和VDBP在单因素分析中达到p＜0.01，进入最终分析。VDBP的AUC最高（0.780，p＜0.01），其次是RBP4（0.711，p＜0.01）、KIM-1（0.640，p＝0.044）和TNFR-2（0.615，p＝0.081）。然而，这四种尿液生物标志物的组合。