A recent study in the American Journal of Psychiatry indicates that high doses of amphetamines, including Adderall, commonly prescribed for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), significantly increase the risk of psychosis or mania. Amphetamines function by promoting dopamine release, a neurotransmitter that regulates mood and behavior.

《美国精神病学杂志》（American Journal of Psychiatry）最近的一项研究表明，高剂量的安非他明（包括通常用于治疗注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD））的安非他明（Adderall）会显着增加患精神病或躁狂的风险。安非他明的作用是促进多巴胺的释放，多巴胺是一种调节情绪和行为的神经递质。

However, elevated dopamine levels are linked to psychosis, which may clarify the heightened risk reported in the study.Dr. Moran, who led the research and specializes in pharmacoepidemiology at McLean Hospital in Massachusetts, was inspired to conduct this study based on her experiences as an inpatient psychiatrist.

然而，多巴胺水平升高与精神病有关，这可能澄清了研究中报道的高风险。莫兰博士领导了这项研究，并在马萨诸塞州麦克莱恩医院专攻药物流行病学，她受到启发，根据她作为住院精神科医生的经验进行了这项研究。

She and her colleagues often encountered patients without a history of psychosis who had been prescribed high doses of stimulants.The findings revealed that individuals who took prescription amphetamines in the past month had a 63% increased likelihood of developing psychosis or mania. Those on heavy doses faced an 81% increased chance of a psychotic episode, particularly among patients consuming 30 mg or more of dextroamphetamine, equivalent to 40 mg of Adderall.The study found that other ADHD medications, such as Ritalin and Concerta, did not seem to elevate the risk of these side effects, as they are not classified as amphetamines..

她和她的同事经常遇到没有精神病史的患者，他们服用了高剂量的兴奋剂。调查结果显示，过去一个月服用处方安非他明的人患精神病或躁狂症的可能性增加了63%。服用大剂量的患者发生精神病发作的机会增加了81%，特别是服用30毫克或更多右旋安非他明（相当于40毫克阿达拉尔）的患者。该研究发现，其他ADHD药物，如利他林和协奏曲，似乎并没有增加这些副作用的风险，因为它们不被归类为安非他明。。

Moran stated that while stimulant medications lack an upper dose limit on their labels, the study highlights the importance of dosage in relation to psychosis risk. This side effect, though rare, can be serious and should be closely monitored by both patients and healthcare professionals.Although these medications effectively treat ADHD, the study indicates potential risks associated with high doses.

Moran表示，虽然兴奋剂药物标签上没有剂量上限，但该研究强调了剂量与精神病风险相关的重要性。这种副作用虽然很少见，但可能很严重，应该由患者和医疗保健专业人员密切监测。尽管这些药物有效治疗ADHD，但研究表明高剂量可能存在潜在风险。

Moran noted that patients should not feel alarmed but should engage in discussions with their doctors regarding dosage levels and possible side effects.Furthermore, Moran's team is currently conducting a national study focused on patients prescribed stimulants for ADHD, tracking those on low, medium, and high doses, and comparing the rates of psychosis across these groups.

Moran指出，患者不应感到惊慌，但应与医生讨论剂量水平和可能的副作用。此外，Moran的团队目前正在进行一项全国性研究，重点研究ADHD患者服用兴奋剂的情况，追踪低、中、高剂量的患者，并比较这些人群的精神病发病率。

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