AbstractThe deciduous American sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua, Altingiaceae) is a popular ornamental and economically valuable tree renowned for its sweet-smelling bark resin, abundant volatile substances, and spectacular fall leaf color. However, the absence of a reference genome hinders thorough investigations into the mechanisms underlying phenotypic variation, secondary metabolite synthesis and adaptation, both in this species and other Liquidambar members.

摘要落叶美洲枫香（Liquidambar styraciflua，Altingiaceae）是一种受欢迎的观赏树种，具有经济价值，因其树皮树脂的芳香，丰富的挥发性物质和壮观的秋叶颜色而闻名。然而，缺乏参考基因组阻碍了对该物种和其他枫香成员的表型变异，次级代谢产物合成和适应机制的深入研究。

In this study, we sequenced and constructed a chromosome-level assembly of the L. styraciflua genome, covering 662.48 Mb with a scaffold N50 of 39.54 Mb, by integrating PacBio, Illumina and chromosome conformation capture data. We identified 58.83% of the genome sequences as repetitive elements and 25,713 protein-coding genes, 97.28% of which were functionally annotated.

在这项研究中，我们通过整合PacBio，Illumina和染色体构象捕获数据，对L.styraciflua基因组的染色体水平组装进行了测序和构建，覆盖662.48 Mb，支架N50为39.54 Mb。我们确定了58.83%的基因组序列为重复元件和25713个蛋白质编码基因，其中97.28%是功能注释的。

The genome sequencing reads, assembly and annotation data have been deposited in publicly available repositories. This high-quality genome assembly provides valuable resources for further evolutionary and functional genomic studies in American sweetgum and other Liquidambar species..

基因组测序读取，组装和注释数据已保存在公开可用的存储库中。这种高质量的基因组组装为美国枫香和其他枫香物种的进一步进化和功能基因组研究提供了宝贵的资源。。

Background & SummaryLiquidambar, the sole genus in Altingiaceae, comprises about 15 species disjunctively distributed in Southeast and East Asia, the eastern Mediterranean, eastern North America and Mesoamerica1. According to fossil records2,3, this genus was widespread across the Northern Hemisphere during the Cenozoic, with some extant species exhibiting morphological stasis4.

背景与总结枫香是Altingiaceae的唯一属，约有15种，分布于东南亚和东亚，东地中海，北美东部和中美洲1。根据化石记录2,3，该属在新生代广泛分布于北半球，一些现存物种表现出形态特征4。

Members of this genus are globally appreciated for their ornamental, aromatic, industrial and medicinal values5,6,7. L. styraciflua is a deciduous forest tree native to the eastern United States, eastern and central Mexico and the Central America8. It is commonly used as ornamental tree because of its colorful leaves and high resilience, and has been widely cultivated outside its natural habitat.

该属的成员因其观赏，芳香，工业和药用价值而受到全球赞赏5,6,7。五十、 styraciflua是一种落叶乔木，原产于美国东部，墨西哥东部和中部以及中美洲8。它因其彩色的叶子和高弹性而常被用作观赏树，并且在其自然栖息地之外被广泛种植。

In addition, this species is commonly called American sweetgum for its production of a sweet-smelling gum from its cracked trunk. The medicinal qualities of resins and essential oils extracted from the leaves have been traditionally utilized by native Americans to treat various ailments such as inflammation, stomachaches, wounds, coughs, bronchitis, liver enlargement, and amenorrhea9,10.

此外，该物种通常被称为美国甜口香糖，因为它从破裂的树干中产生一种甜味口香糖。从叶子中提取的树脂和精油的药用品质传统上被美洲原住民用于治疗各种疾病，如炎症，胃痛，伤口，咳嗽，支气管炎，肝脏肿大和闭经9,10。

Terpenes are the main chemical components of the leaf and stem oils10,11, that are proven to have important therapeutic potential with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anticancer properties12,13. However, the terpenoids synthesis pathway in L. styraciflua remains uncharacterized due to the lack of a high-quality genome assembly for the species.

。然而，由于缺乏该物种的高质量基因组组装，styraciflua中的萜类化合物合成途径仍未表征。

Additionally, to date, there is only one reference genome sequence available for Liquidambar14. The limited genomic resources have hindered investigation of species relationships and their evolutionary history over time in the genus.In this study, we utilized a combination of t.

此外，迄今为止，只有一个参考基因组序列可用于枫香14。有限的基因组资源阻碍了对该属物种关系及其进化历史的研究。在这项研究中，我们利用了t的组合。

Code availability

代码可用性

All software and pipelines were executed according to the official instructions. No custom code was generated for this study.

所有软件和管道均按照官方指示执行。没有为这项研究生成自定义代码。

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Download referencesAcknowledgementsThis work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 32161143003).Author informationAuthor notesThese authors contributed equally: Yazhen Ma, Shixiong Ding.Authors and AffiliationsWuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, ChinaYazhen Ma, Shixiong Ding & Yingxiong QiuUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, ChinaShixiong DingAuthorsYazhen MaView author publicationsYou can also search for this author in.

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Reprints and permissionsAbout this articleCite this articleMa, Y., Ding, S. & Qiu, Y. Chromosome-level genome assembly of American sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua, Altingiaceae).

转载和许可本文引用本文Ma，Y.，Ding，S。＆Qiu，Y。美国枫香（枫香，Altingiaceae）的染色体水平基因组组装。

Sci Data 11, 1078 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-024-03924-7Download citationReceived: 24 June 2024Accepted: 23 September 2024Published: 03 October 2024DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-024-03924-7Share this articleAnyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content:Get shareable linkSorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article.Copy to clipboard.

Sci数据111078（2024）。https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-024-03924-7Download引文接收日期：2024年6月24日接受日期：2024年9月23日发布日期：2024年10月3日OI：https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-024-03924-7Share本文与您共享以下链接的任何人都可以阅读此内容：获取可共享链接对不起，本文目前没有可共享的链接。。

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Evolutionary geneticsGenome

进化遗传学基因组