颗粒生物膜发育过程中的群落演替模式和王国间相互作用-动脉网

Community successional patterns and inter-kingdom interactions during granular biofilm development

Nature 等信源发布 2024-10-20 13:06

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AbstractAerobic granular sludge is a compact and efficient biofilm process used for wastewater treatment which has received much attention and is currently being implemented worldwide. The microbial associations and their ecological implications occurring during granule development, especially those involving inter-kingdom interactions, are poorly understood.

摘要好氧颗粒污泥是一种用于废水处理的紧凑高效的生物膜工艺，受到了广泛关注，目前正在全球范围内实施。。

In this work, we monitored the prokaryote and eukaryote community composition and structure during the granulation of activated sludge for 343 days in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) and investigated the influence of abiotic and biotic factors on the granule development. Sludge granulation was accomplished with low-wash-out dynamics at long settling times, allowing for the microbial communities to adapt to the SBR environmental conditions.

在这项工作中，我们在序批式反应器（SBR）中监测了活性污泥颗粒化343天期间的原核生物和真核生物群落组成和结构，并研究了非生物和生物因素对颗粒发育的影响。污泥颗粒化是在长时间沉降时以低冲洗动力学完成的，允许微生物群落适应SBR环境条件。

The sludge granulation and associated changes in microbial community structure could be divided into three stages: floccular, intermediate, and granular. The eukaryotic and prokaryotic communities showed parallel successional dynamics, with three main sub-communities identified for each kingdom, dominating in each stage of sludge granulation.

污泥颗粒化和微生物群落结构的相关变化可分为三个阶段：絮凝剂，中间和颗粒。真核生物和原核生物群落表现出平行的演替动态，每个王国确定了三个主要的亚群落，在污泥颗粒化的每个阶段占主导地位。

Although inter-kingdom interactions were shown to affect community succession during the whole experiment, during granule development random factors like the availability of settlement sites or drift acquired increasing importance. The prokaryotic community was more affected by deterministic factors, including reactor conditions, while the eukaryotic community was to a larger extent shaped by biotic interactions (including inter-kingdom interactions) and stochasticity..

尽管在整个实验过程中，王国间的相互作用会影响群落演替，但在颗粒发育过程中，诸如定居点或漂移的可用性等随机因素变得越来越重要。原核生物群落受确定性因素的影响更大，包括反应堆条件，而真核生物群落在很大程度上受生物相互作用（包括王国间相互作用）和随机性的影响。。

IntroductionAerobic granular sludge is a biofilm-based process for wastewater treatment that has received much attention in recent years. This technology displays several advantages compared to the activated sludge process, achieving advanced nutrient removal in plants requiring less space and a lower energy demand1,2.

引言好氧颗粒污泥是近年来备受关注的一种基于生物膜的废水处理工艺。与活性污泥法相比，该技术显示出几个优点，在需要较少空间和较低能量需求的植物中实现了先进的养分去除1,2。

Aerobic granules are generally developed from activated sludge in sequencing batch reactors (SBRs), where aggregates with high microbial density and diversity are obtained3. Substrate and oxygen gradients within the biofilm matrix allow the coexistence of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB), nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB), denitrifying bacteria and phosphorous accumulating organisms (PAO), thus synchronizing nitrification, denitrification and biological phosphorus removal while degrading the organic carbon4,5,6,7.Granulation is a response to specific selection pressures applied in the reactors; however, the underlying mechanisms are still poorly understood.

好氧颗粒通常是在序批式反应器（SBR）中从活性污泥中开发出来的，其中获得了具有高微生物密度和多样性的聚集体3。生物膜基质内的底物和氧气梯度允许氨氧化细菌（AOB），亚硝酸盐氧化细菌（NOB），反硝化细菌和聚磷生物（PAO）共存，从而同步硝化，反硝化和生物除磷，同时降解有机碳4,5,6,7。粒化是对反应器中施加的特定选择压力的响应；然而，底层机制仍然知之甚少。

Granules are generally obtained by (1) applying high hydrodynamic shear forces; (2) feast-famine alternation; and (3) washing-out of the non-granulated biomass4,5,7. In such reactor conditions, upon switching from planktonic to aggregated mode of growth, microbial populations ensure their persistence in flowing environments that develop under shear forces8.

颗粒通常通过（1）施加高流体动力剪切力获得；（2）盛宴饥荒交替；（3）洗出非颗粒生物4,5,7。在这种反应器条件下，当从浮游生物转变为聚集生长模式时，微生物种群确保其在剪切力下发展的流动环境中的持久性8。

Additionally, the applied high shear forces in the reactor, together with the feast-famine alternation and anaerobic feeding strategies applied in SBRs, increases the overall hydrophobicity of the biomass and accelerates microbial aggregation4,9,10,11.Eukaryotic members of the community play important roles in wastewater treatment contributing to sludge sedimentation and predation upon planktonic bacteria12,13,14,15, yet few studies have been conduct.

此外，在反应器中施加的高剪切力，以及在SBR中应用的盛宴饥荒交替和厌氧进料策略，增加了生物质的整体疏水性并加速了微生物的聚集4,9,10,11。社区的真核生物成员在废水处理中发挥重要作用，有助于污泥沉降和对浮游细菌的捕食12,13,14,15，但很少有研究进行。

Data availability

数据可用性

Raw sequence reads are deposited at the European Nucleotide Archive (ENA) repository under the project code PRJEB71975. The code and the necessary data to reproduce all the analyses are included in a Figshare repository (https://figshare.com/s/dfd2d3546e719829fad9, will be available upon acceptance)..

。重现所有分析的代码和必要数据都包含在Figshare存储库中(https://figshare.com/s/dfd2d3546e719829fad9，将在验收后提供）。。

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Download referencesAcknowledgementsThis study was funded by FORMAS, the Swedish Research Council for Environment, Agricultural Science and Spatial Planning (Contracts 245-2013-627 and 2018-01423). The funder played no role in study design, data collection, analysis and interpretation of data, or the writing of this manuscript.

下载参考文献致谢本研究由瑞典环境、农业科学和空间规划研究委员会FORMAS资助（合同245-2013-627和2018-01423）。资助者在研究设计，数据收集，数据分析和解释或撰写本手稿方面没有发挥任何作用。

Additional funding was obtained by the Spanish Ministry of Economy, Trade and Enterprise (CTM2016-76491-P). Miguel de Celis was supported by a predoctoral “FPI” contract by the Spanish Ministry of Economy, Trade and Enterprise (BES-2017-080024) and a “Research and Training Grant” (FEMS-GO-2021-032).FundingOpen access funding provided by Chalmers University of Technology.Author informationAuthor notesRaquel LiébanaPresent address: AZTI, Marine Research Division, Basque Research Technology Alliance (BRTA), Sukarrieta, SpainAuthors and AffiliationsDepartment of Genetics, Physiology and Microbiology, Microbiology Unit, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, SpainMiguel de Celis, Lucía Arregui, Antonio Santos & Ignacio BeldaInstituto de Ciencias Agrarias; Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, SpainMiguel de CelisDivision of Water Environment Technology, Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, SwedenOskar Modin, Frank Persson, Britt-Marie Wilén & Raquel LiébanaAuthorsMiguel de CelisView author publicationsYou can also search for this author in.

西班牙经济、贸易和企业部（CTM2016-76491-P）获得了额外的资金。米格尔·德塞利斯（Miguel de Celis）得到了西班牙经济、贸易和企业部（BES-2017-080024）的十年前“FPI”合同和“研究与培训补助金”（FEMS-GO-2021-032）的支持。资金由查尔默斯理工大学提供的开放获取资金。作者信息作者注：AZTI，巴斯克研究技术联盟（BRTA）海洋研究部，Sukarrieta，SpainAuthors及其附属机构遗传，生理学和微生物学系，微生物学系，生物科学学院，马德里坎普顿塞大学，马德里，斯宾米格尔·德塞利斯，卢卡·阿雷吉，安东尼奥·桑托斯和伊格纳西奥·贝尔丹研究所农业科学院；马德里高等调查委员会，西班牙水环境技术部，查尔默斯理工大学建筑与土木工程系，哥德堡，斯维登斯科尔·莫丁，弗兰克·佩尔松，布里特·玛丽·威尔恩和拉奎尔·利巴纳作者Miguel de CelisView作者出版物你也可以在中搜索这位作者。

PubMed Google ScholarOskar ModinView author publicationsYou can also search for this author in

PubMed Google ScholarOskar ModinView作者出版物您也可以在

PubMed Google ScholarLucía ArreguiView author publicationsYou can also search for this author in

PubMed Google ScholarLucía ArreguiView作者出版物您也可以在

PubMed Google ScholarFrank PerssonView author publicationsYou can also search for this author in

PubMed Google ScholarFrank PerssonView作者出版物您也可以在

PubMed Google ScholarAntonio SantosView author publicationsYou can also search for this author in

PubMed Google ScholarAntonio SantosView作者出版物您也可以在

PubMed Google ScholarIgnacio BeldaView author publicationsYou can also search for this author in

PubMed Google ScholarIgnacio BeldaView作者出版物您也可以在

PubMed Google ScholarBritt-Marie WilénView author publicationsYou can also search for this author in

PubMed Google ScholarBritt Marie WilénView作者出版物您也可以在

PubMed Google ScholarRaquel LiébanaView author publicationsYou can also search for this author in

PubMed Google Scholaraquel LiébanaView作者出版物您也可以在

PubMed Google ScholarContributionsMd.C.: Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Software, Visualization, Writing – Original Draft, Writing – Review & Editing. O.M.: Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Software, Supervision, Writing – Review & Editing.

PubMed谷歌学术贡献SMD。C、：数据管理，形式分析，方法论，软件，可视化，写作-原稿，写作-评论和编辑。O、 M.：概念化，形式分析，资金获取，方法论，软件，监督，写作-评论和编辑。

L.A.: Formal analysis, Writing – Review & Editing. F.P.: Conceptualization, Methodology, Funding acquisition, Supervision, Writing – Review & Editing. A.S.: Funding acquisition, Supervision, Writing – Review & Editing. I.B.: Funding acquisition, Supervision, Writing – Review & Editing. B-M.W.: Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Writing – Review & Editing.

五十、答：正式分析，写作-评论和编辑。F、 P：概念化，方法论，资金获取，监督，写作-评论和编辑。A、美国：资金获取，监督，写作-审查和编辑。一、。B-M.W.：概念化，资金获取，方法论，项目管理，资源，监督，写作-评论和编辑。

R.L.: Conceptualization, Investigation, Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Visualization, Writing – Original Draft, Writing – Review & Editing.Corresponding authorsCorrespondence to.

R、 L.：概念化，调查，数据管理，形式分析，方法论，可视化，写作-原稿，写作-评论和编辑。通讯作者通讯。

Miguel de Celis, Britt-Marie Wilén or Raquel Liébana.Ethics declarations

Miguel de Celis、Britt Marie Wilén或Raquel Liébana。伦理声明

Competing interests

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The authors declare no competing interests.

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Reprints and permissionsAbout this articleCite this articlede Celis, M., Modin, O., Arregui, L. et al. Community successional patterns and inter-kingdom interactions during granular biofilm development.

转载和许可本文引用本文Celis，M.，Modin，O.，Arregui，L。等人。颗粒生物膜发育过程中的群落演替模式和王国间相互作用。

npj Biofilms Microbiomes 10, 109 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41522-024-00581-xDownload citationReceived: 01 May 2024Accepted: 08 October 2024Published: 20 October 2024DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41522-024-00581-xShare this articleAnyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content:Get shareable linkSorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article.Copy to clipboard.

npj生物膜微生物组10109（2024）。https://doi.org/10.1038/s41522-024-00581-xDownload引文收到日期：2024年5月1日接受日期：2024年10月8日发布日期：2024年10月20日OI：https://doi.org/10.1038/s41522-024-00581-xShare本文与您共享以下链接的任何人都可以阅读此内容：获取可共享链接对不起，本文目前没有可共享的链接。复制到剪贴板。

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