了解癌症的物理学，预防转移-动脉网

Understanding the physics of cancer, preventing metastases

D-Pharm 等信源发布 2024-10-24 09:48

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In honour of his groundbreaking insights into the movement of tumour cells, Professor Dr Jochen Guck from the Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light in Erlangen receives the 2024 Greve Prize from the German National Academy of Sciences Leopoldina. Dealing with metastases is one of the major challenges of cancer therapy.

为了表彰他对肿瘤细胞运动的开创性见解，埃尔兰根马克斯·普朗克光科学研究所的约亨·古克教授获得了德国国家科学院利奥波蒂纳颁发的2024年格雷夫奖。处理转移是癌症治疗的主要挑战之一。

More than 90 percent of deaths caused by cancer are linked to metastases. Understanding the conditions that cause cancer metastases and how these move through the body is key to developing new approaches to cancer treatment. The award, endowed with 250,000 euros, is donated by the Helmut and Hannelore Greve Foundation for Science, Development and Culture.

超过90%的癌症死亡与转移有关。了解导致癌症转移的条件以及这些转移如何通过身体是开发新的癌症治疗方法的关键。该奖项由赫尔穆特和汉诺雷·格雷夫科学、发展与文化基金会捐赠，奖金为25万欧元。

Prof. Dr. Jochen Guck, Director at the Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light and Professor of Biological Optomechanics at the Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen- Nürnberg.

乔琴·古克教授是马克斯·普朗克光科学研究所所长、纽伦堡弗里德里希·亚历山大大学生物光机学教授。

MPG

The biophysicists Professor Dr Jochen Guck from the Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light (MPL) and Professor Dr Josef Käs from the University of Leipzig, Germany are leading global scientists in the physics of cancer. Their research, some of which they have conducted jointly, investigates the physical properties of cells when they interact with surrounding tissue.

。他们的研究（其中一些是他们共同进行的）调查了细胞与周围组织相互作用时的物理特性。

They have managed to demonstrate how tumour cells actively change from solid and stiff to a fluid and soft condition in order to move between the dense tissue of the human body and form metastases. This discovery has led to a paradigmatic shift in how cancer cells are viewed and motivated collaboration with the physician Professor Dr Bahriye Aktas from the University of Leipzig Medical Center.

他们已经成功地证明了肿瘤细胞如何从固体和僵硬变为液体和柔软的状态，以便在人体的致密组织之间移动并形成转移。这一发现导致人们对癌细胞的看法发生了范式转变，并推动了与莱比锡大学医学中心的内科医生教授Bahriye Aktas博士的合作。

She raises the question of what limits cancer cells in the body experience. “Bahriye Aktas, Jochen Guck, and Josef Käs provide an impressive example of how interdisciplinary basic research can significantly deepen the understanding of cancerous diseases,” says Leopoldina President Professor (ETHZ) Dr Gerald Haug.

。“Bahriye Aktas，Jochen Guck和Josef Käs提供了一个令人印象深刻的例子，说明跨学科基础研究如何显着加深对癌症疾病的理解，”Leopoldina总裁教授（ETHZ）Gerald Haug博士说。

“Studying the behaviour of tumour cells from the perspective of physics and linking it to direct insights gained from medical institutions has the potential to develop completely new means of treating cancer.” .

“从物理学的角度研究肿瘤细胞的行为，并将其与从医疗机构获得的直接见解联系起来，有可能开发出全新的治疗癌症的方法。”。

The potential for cancer treatment is already apparent with respect to breast cancer. Whether the cancer has metastasised or not is key in determining the success of therapies. To date, however, it has not been possible to accurately predict when a tumour forms metastases. Käs and Aktas, working together with Professor Dr Axel Niendorf (Hamburg/Germany), managed to identify markers that, in combination with existing criteria, are significantly better at indicating a tumour’s potential to metastasise.

就乳腺癌而言，癌症治疗的潜力已经很明显。癌症是否转移是决定治疗成功与否的关键。然而，迄今为止，尚不可能准确预测肿瘤何时形成转移。Käs和Aktas与Axel Niendorf教授（德国汉堡）合作，设法确定了与现有标准相结合的标志物，这些标志物在指示肿瘤转移潜力方面明显更好。

They have done so using biophysical concepts, the central idea of which – that metastasising cancer cells must be softer – Jochen Guck played an important role in developing. Cancer cells in primary tumours are, at the local level, very solid and densely packed. In order to release themselves from the original tumour and move through the human body, cancer cells must soften, allowing the cancer cell aggregate to become fluid.

。原发性肿瘤中的癌细胞在局部水平上非常坚固且密集。为了从原始肿瘤中释放出来并在人体内移动，癌细胞必须软化，使癌细胞聚集成液体。

Guck developed a high-throughput method to measure the deformability of cells (real-time deformability cytometry, RT-DC). This method is particularly suited to finding substances that can change cancer cell mechanics to prevent metastases. .

Guck开发了一种高通量方法来测量细胞的变形性（实时变形细胞术，RT-DC）。这种方法特别适合于寻找可以改变癌细胞力学以防止转移的物质。

https://www.bionity.com/en/news/1184726/understanding-the-physics-of-cancer-preventing-metastases.html

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