AbstractThis study delves into the exploration of polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) biosynthesis genes within wild-type yeast strains, spotlighting the exceptional capabilities of isolate DMG-2. Through meticulous screening, DMG-2 emerged as a standout candidate, showcasing vivid red fluorescence indicative of prolific intracellular PHA granules.

摘要本研究深入探讨了野生型酵母菌株中聚羟基烷酸酯（PHA）生物合成基因的探索，揭示了分离株DMG-2的特殊能力。通过细致的筛选，DMG-2成为了一个杰出的候选者，显示出鲜艳的红色荧光，表明细胞内PHA颗粒丰富。

Characterization via FTIR spectroscopy unveiled a diverse biopolymer composition within DMG-2, featuring distinct functional groups associated with PHA and polyphosphate. Phylogenetic analysis placed DMG-2 within the Hanseniaspora valbyensis NRRL Y-1626 group, highlighting its distinct taxonomic classification.

通过FTIR光谱表征揭示了DMG-2内多种生物聚合物组成，具有与PHA和多磷酸盐相关的不同官能团。系统发育分析将DMG-2置于Hanseniaspora valbyensis NRRL Y-1626组中，突出了其独特的分类学分类。

Subsequent investigation into DMG-2’s PHA biosynthesis genes yielded promising outcomes, with successful cloning and efficient PHA accumulation confirmed in transgenic E. coli cells. Protein analysis of ORF1 revealed its involvement in sugar metabolism, supported by its cellular localization and identification of functional motifs.

。ORF1的蛋白质分析揭示了其参与糖代谢，这得到了其细胞定位和功能基序鉴定的支持。

Genomic analysis revealed regulatory elements within ORF1, shedding light on potential splice junctions and transcriptional networks influencing PHA synthesis pathways. Spectroscopic analysis of the biopolymer extracted from transgenic E. coli DMG2-1 provided insights into its co-polymer nature, comprising segments of PHB, PHV, and polyphosphate.

基因组分析揭示了ORF1内的调控元件，揭示了影响PHA合成途径的潜在剪接点和转录网络。从转基因大肠杆菌DMG2-1中提取的生物聚合物的光谱分析提供了对其共聚物性质的见解，包括PHB，PHV和多磷酸盐的片段。

GC-MS analysis further elucidated the intricate molecular architecture of the polymer. In conclusion, this study represents a pioneering endeavor in exploring PHA biosynthesis genes within yeast cells, with isolate DMG-2 demonstrating remarkable potential. The findings offer valuable insights for advancing sustainable bioplastic production and hold significant implications for biotechnological applications..

GC-MS分析进一步阐明了聚合物复杂的分子结构。总之，这项研究代表了探索酵母细胞内PHA生物合成基因的开创性努力，分离株DMG-2显示出显着的潜力。。。

IntroductionThe growing environmental concerns surrounding plastic pollution have galvanized scientific efforts toward the development of sustainable and biodegradable alternatives. Among various biopolymers, polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) have emerged as promising candidates due to their biodegradability, biocompatibility, and versatile material properties1.

引言围绕塑料污染日益增长的环境问题促使科学努力开发可持续和可生物降解的替代品。。

PHAs are polyesters synthesized by numerous microorganisms as intracellular carbon and energy storage compounds2. These biopolymers can potentially replace conventional petrochemical plastics in numerous applications, ranging from packaging materials to medical devices3. However, the high production costs and limited yields of PHAs have hindered their large-scale commercial adoption, preventing them from completely replacing oil-based polymers4.Therefore, identifying and optimizing microbial strains capable of efficient PHA production is critical for advancing sustainable bioplastic technologies.

PHA是由许多微生物合成的聚酯，作为细胞内碳和储能化合物2。这些生物聚合物可能在许多应用中取代传统的石化塑料，从包装材料到医疗设备3。然而，PHA的高生产成本和有限产量阻碍了它们的大规模商业应用，阻止了它们完全取代油基聚合物4。因此，鉴定和优化能够高效PHA生产的微生物菌株对于推进可持续生物塑料技术至关重要。

In this context, yeast isolates represent a compelling avenue for exploration due to their robust growth characteristics, ease of genetic manipulation, and ability to thrive on diverse substrates. Yeasts can utilize inexpensive substrates as carbon sources and can be easily genetically engineered, offering significant advantages for PHA production5.For example, Abd-El-Haleem6 screened forty yeast isolates from different Egyptian ecosystems for their ability to produce PHAs.

在这种情况下，酵母分离株由于其强大的生长特性，易于遗传操作以及在不同底物上茁壮成长的能力而成为一种引人注目的探索途径。酵母可以利用廉价的底物作为碳源，并且可以很容易地进行基因工程，为PHA生产提供了显着的优势5。例如，Abd-El-Haleem6筛选了来自不同埃及生态系统的40种酵母分离株产生PHA的能力。

The isolate Rhodotorula minuta strain RY4 was found to produce 2% PHA in biomass over a growth period of 96 h in a medium containing glucose, oleic acid, and Tween 60. The PHAs produced by Rhodotorula minuta strain RY4 were characterized using infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance (1 H and 13 C NMR) spectroscopy, revealing the presence of p.

发现分离的微小红酵母菌株RY4在含有葡萄糖，油酸和吐温60的培养基中在96小时的生长期内产生2%的生物量PHA。使用红外光谱和核磁共振（1 H和13 C NMR）光谱对微小红酵母菌株RY4产生的PHA进行了表征，揭示了p的存在。

Data availability

数据可用性

Data Availability Statement: All data generated or analyzed during this study are comprehensively documented within the manuscript. Moreover, the DNA sequences showcased in this research have been diligently deposited in GenBank with the accession numbers AC PP869688 for ORF1 and AC PP865075 for the yeast strain DMG-2.

数据可用性声明：本研究期间生成或分析的所有数据均在手稿中全面记录。此外，本研究中显示的DNA序列已被勤勉地保存在GenBank中，ORF1的登录号为AC PP869688，酵母菌株DMG-2的登录号为AC PP865075。

These resources are readily accessible for additional scrutiny and validation by the scientific community..

这些资源很容易被科学界进一步审查和验证。。

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Download referencesAcknowledgementsThis work was conducted at the Environmental Biotechnology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications, New Burelarab, Alexandria, Egypt.FundingOpen access funding provided by The Science, Technology & Innovation Funding Authority (STDF) in cooperation with The Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB).

下载参考文献致谢这项工作是在埃及亚历山大市新布雷拉布科学研究与技术应用城基因工程与生物技术研究所环境生物技术部进行的。基金科学、技术与创新基金管理局（STDF）与埃及知识银行（EKB）合作提供的开放获取资金。

Not applicable.Author informationAuthors and AffiliationsEnvironmental Biotechnology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications SRTA-City, Alexandria, 21934, New Burelarab, EgyptDesouky A.M. Abd-El-Haleem & Gadallah M. Abu-ElreeshAdvanced Technology and New Materials Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications SRTA-City, New Borg El-Arab City, 21934, Alexandria, EgyptMarwa R.

不适用。作者信息作者和所属机构环境生物技术部，基因工程和生物技术研究所，科学研究和技术应用城市SRTA市，亚历山大，21934，New Burelarab，EgyptDesouky A.M.Abd El Haleem＆Gadallah M.Abu ElreeshAdvanced Technology and New Materials Research Institute，科学研究和技术应用城市SRTA市，New Borg El Arab City，21934，Alexandria，EgyptMarwa R。

ElkatoryAuthorsDesouky A.M. Abd-El-HaleemView author publicationsYou can also search for this author in.

ElkatoryAuthorsDesouky A.M.Abd El HaleemView作者出版物您也可以在中搜索此作者。

PubMed Google ScholarMarwa R. ElkatoryView author publicationsYou can also search for this author in

PubMed Google ScholarMarwa R.ElkatoryView作者出版物您也可以在

PubMed Google ScholarGadallah M. Abu-ElreeshView author publicationsYou can also search for this author in

PubMed Google ScholarGadallah M.Abu ElreeshView作者出版物您也可以在

PubMed Google ScholarContributionsAs a corresponding aouthor i confirm that: (A) Dr. Abd-El-Haleem initiated the study, contributed to the ideation of the research study, formulated the research plan, outlined the experimental design, and supervised the overall progress of the study.

PubMed Google ScholarContributions作为相应的作者，我确认：（a）Abd El Haleem博士发起了这项研究，为研究的构思做出了贡献，制定了研究计划，概述了实验设计，并监督了研究的总体进展。

Dr. Abd-El-Haleem wrote the full manuscript and integrated the results obtained from the experiments conducted by Dr. Elkatory. (B) Dr. Elkatory conducted all experiments, performed laboratory work, executed experimental procedures outlined in the research plan, including screening for PHA-producing yeasts, conducting analytical techniques such as Nile red staining, TEM, FTIR spectroscopy, and molecular genetic analyses.

Abd El Haleem博士撰写了完整的手稿，并整合了Elkatory博士进行的实验结果。（B） Elkatory博士进行了所有实验，进行了实验室工作，执行了研究计划中概述的实验程序，包括筛选产生PHA的酵母，进行尼罗红染色，TEM，FTIR光谱和分子遗传学分析等分析技术。

Dr. Elkatory meticulously carried out the genomic library construction and screening, as well as the isolation and identification of putative genes involved in PHA biosynthesis. (C) Dr. Abu-Elreesh supervised the laboratory work, provided guidance and oversight throughout the research process, and managed logistics related to the study, including resource allocation and procurement of necessary materials.Corresponding authorCorrespondence to.

Elkatory博士精心进行了基因组文库的构建和筛选，以及与PHA生物合成有关的推定基因的分离和鉴定。（C） Abu Elreesh博士监督实验室工作，在整个研究过程中提供指导和监督，并管理与研究相关的后勤，包括资源分配和必要材料的采购。对应作者对应。

Desouky A.M. Abd-El-Haleem.Ethics declarations

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Not applicable.

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This research paper is original and has the consent of all authors associated with it.

这篇研究论文是原创的，并得到了所有相关作者的同意。

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Reprints and permissionsAbout this articleCite this articleAbd-El-Haleem, D.A., Elkatory, M.R. & Abu-Elreesh, G.M. Uncovering novel polyhydroxyalkanoate biosynthesis genes and unique pathway in yeast hanseniaspora valbyensis for sustainable bioplastic production.

转载和许可本文引用本文Abd El Haleem，D.A.，Elkatory，M.R。＆Abu Elreesh，G.M。揭示了酵母hanseniaspora valbyensis中新的聚羟基链烷酸酯生物合成基因和独特途径，用于可持续生物塑料生产。

Sci Rep 14, 27162 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-77382-xDownload citationReceived: 09 June 2024Accepted: 22 October 2024Published: 08 November 2024DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-77382-xShare this articleAnyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content:Get shareable linkSorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article.Copy to clipboard.

Sci Rep 1427162（2024）。https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-77382-xDownload引文收到日期：2024年6月9日接受日期：2024年10月22日发布日期：2024年11月8日OI：https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-77382-xShare本文与您共享以下链接的任何人都可以阅读此内容：获取可共享链接对不起，本文目前没有可共享的链接。复制到剪贴板。

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KeywordsPolyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs)Budding yeast

关键词聚羟基烷酸酯（PHAs）芽殖酵母

Hanseniaspora valbyensis

瓦尔贝氏汉生孢子虫

Biosynthesis genes

生物合成基因