Xylazine found in 1 in 12 specimens tested, finds new 'Drug Misuse in America' Health Trends® report on the rising polysubstance crisisSECAUCUS, N.J., Dec. 19, 2023 /PRNewswire/ -- Quest Diagnostics (NYSE: DGX), the nation's leading provider of diagnostic information services, today unveiled its new confirmatory testing service for novel psychoactive substances (NPS).

在测试的12个样本中，有1个样本中发现了甲苯噻嗪，发现了新的“美国药物滥用”健康趋势®关于不断增长的多物质Crissecaucus的报告，新泽西州，2023年12月19日/PRNewswire/--Quest Diagnostics（NYSE:DGX），美国领先的诊断信息服务提供商，今天推出了新的新型精神活性物质（NPS）确认测试服务。

The new panel, which tests for 88 compounds, covers a broad array of drug classes, such as designer opioids, designer benzodiazepines, designer stimulants, fentanyl analogs, synthetic cannabinoids, and other illicit additives. Two of these classes are rapidly accelerating America's overdose crisis: other illicit additives (xylazine) and fentanyl analogs (acetyl fentanyl).

这个新的小组测试了88种化合物，涵盖了广泛的药物类别，如设计类阿片、设计类苯二氮卓类药物、设计类兴奋剂、芬太尼类似物、合成大麻素和其他非法添加剂。其中两类药物正在迅速加速美国的过量用药危机：其他非法添加剂（甲苯噻嗪）和芬太尼类似物（乙酰芬太尼）。

The new test panel is designed to help healthcare providers detect potential drug misuse in patients prescribed controlled medications, such as opioids and other substances, amid a proliferation of synthetic or 'designer' drugs in the nation's drug supply..

新的测试小组旨在帮助医疗保健提供者检测处方受控药物（如阿片类药物和其他物质）患者的潜在药物滥用情况，同时国内药品供应中合成或“设计”药物的扩散。。

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Drug Misuse in America 2023: The Growing Crisis of Novel Psychoactive Substances

2023年美国的药物滥用：新型精神活性物质日益严重的危机

NPS are versions of established prescription and illicit drugs that are routinely chemically altered to enhance drug effects and evade tracking by law enforcement. As their chemical composition frequently evolves, conventional point-of-care and laboratory test methods may fail to detect NPS, increasing risks for individual patients and challenging efforts to understand their long-term health effects or prevalence in communities..

NPS是既定处方和非法药物的版本，通常会进行化学改变以增强药物效果并逃避执法部门的追踪。随着其化学成分的不断变化，传统的即时护理和实验室检测方法可能无法检测到NPS，增加了个体患者的风险，并对了解其长期健康影响或社区患病率的努力提出了挑战。。

The Quest panel uses definitive liquid chromatography with advanced tandem mass spectrometry-based testing to establish NPS misuse. Quest's team of toxicologists, medical experts and data analysts will periodically review and update the panel to include the most relevant and prevalent substances present in communities, as reflected by trends in the company's nationally representative Health Trends® dataset and the latest reports from public health, academic research and law enforcement organizations..

Quest小组使用确定性液相色谱和基于高级串联质谱的测试来确定NPS的滥用。Quest的毒理学家、医学专家和数据分析师团队将定期审查和更新该小组，以包括社区中最相关和最普遍的物质，这反映在该公司具有全国代表性的Health trends®数据集中的趋势以及公共卫生、学术研究和执法组织的最新报告中。。

Quest developed the panel to address the changing drug epidemic, as revealed by its nationally representatives Health Trends® report, 'Drug Misuse in America 2023: The Growing Crisis of Novel Psychoactive Substances.' Based on more than 3.6 million clinical laboratory drug tests performed by Quest Diagnostics in 2022, the report provides insights into the drug crisis and its shifts from misuse of prescription opioids and fentanyl to NPS.

Quest成立了该小组，以应对不断变化的毒品流行，其National Representations Health Trends®报告《2023年美国的药物滥用：新型精神活性物质日益严重的危机》揭示了这一点该报告基于Quest Diagnostics在2022年进行的360多万次临床实验室药物测试，深入了解了药物危机及其从滥用处方阿片类药物和芬太尼向NPS的转变。

The report also includes analysis of 3,730 randomly selected 'remnant' specimens tested using a pilot version of the new NPS test panel.Approximately 13.1% of remnant specimens tested were positive for at least one NPS. Of these, the animal tranquilizer xylazine was found in 8.1%, or nearly 1 in 12 specimens tested, making it the most prevalent single NPS.

该报告还包括对3730个随机选择的“残余”样本的分析，这些样本使用新NPS测试面板的试点版本进行了测试。测试的残余样本中约有13.1%对至少一种NP呈阳性。其中，动物镇静剂甲苯噻嗪的含量为8.1%，即测试的12个样本中有近1个样本，使其成为最普遍的单一NP。

Yet, non-xylazine substances, including fentanyl analogs and designer benzodiazepines, were found in 5% of remnant specimens tested, or roughly 40% of all NPS-positive test results.These findings align with a recent report from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) highlighting the increasing connection between xylazine and opioid overdose deaths while also revealing growing misuse of other NPS.Additional key findings include:.

然而，在5%的残留样本中发现了非甲苯噻嗪物质，包括芬太尼类似物和设计苯二氮卓类药物，或在所有NPS阳性检测结果中约占40%。这些发现与美国疾病控制和预防中心（CDC）最近的一份报告相吻合，该报告强调了甲苯噻嗪与阿片类药物过量死亡之间的联系日益增加，同时也揭示了其他NP的滥用日益增加。其他主要发现包括：。

Xylazine positivity among fentanyl-positive specimens was most prevalent in the Southeast (~90%), Northeast (~80%) and Eastern (~60%) U.S. regions. Results in the Southwest (<30%) and on the West Coast (<20%) suggest xylazine has yet to fully penetrate these U.S. regions.

芬太尼阳性标本中甲苯噻嗪阳性率在美国东南部（〜90%），东北部（〜80%）和东部（〜60%）地区最为普遍。西南部（<30%）和西海岸（<20%）的结果表明，甲苯噻嗪尚未完全渗透到美国这些地区。

One third (32.7%) of fentanyl positive specimens were also positive for xylazine and nearly all (97.7%) specimens positive for xylazine were also positive for fentanyl.

三分之一（32.7%）的芬太尼阳性标本对甲苯噻嗪也呈阳性，几乎所有（97.7%）甲苯噻嗪阳性标本对芬太尼也呈阳性。

Nearly 1 in 5 (19%) amphetamines-positive specimens showed fentanyl combining.

近五分之一（19%）苯丙胺阳性标本显示芬太尼合并。

Heroin use rapidly declined, as positivity overall fell from 1.1% in 2021 to 0.4% in 2022.

海洛因使用迅速下降，总体积极性从2021年的1.1%下降到2022年的0.4%。

The Health Trends analysis also found that specimens in areas with demographics linked to low income levels were nearly 7 times more likely to test positive for nonprescribed fentanyl than those linked to high-income communities. The researchers theorize that these differences are due to comparatively higher quality of care and generally greater access to resources in high-income communities. To access the full Health Trends report, click here.'Our Health Trends data demonstrates the importance of considering all possible NPS, not just xylazine, in clinical drug testing,' said Harvey W.

健康趋势分析还发现，人口统计学与低收入水平相关的地区的标本对非处方芬太尼检测呈阳性的可能性是与高收入社区相关的标本的近7倍。研究人员从理论上推断，这些差异是由于高收入社区的护理质量相对较高，并且通常更容易获得资源。要访问完整的健康趋势报告，请单击此处。”“我们的健康趋势数据表明，在临床药物测试中考虑所有可能的NPS，而不仅仅是甲苯噻嗪的重要性，”HarveyW。

Kaufman, M.D., medical director and head of the Health Trends research program. 'The faster public health and policy makers catch up with the growing problem of synthetic drugs, the greater the likelihood of curbing a dangerous and evolving drug epidemic before more lives are lost and more families and communities suffer irreversible harm.'For more information, please visit www.QuestDrugMonitoring.com.Quest Diagnostics Health Trends studies are performed on aggregate deidentified laboratory data in compliance with applicable privacy regulations and the company's strict privacy policies, and follow procedures approved by the WCG Institutional Review Board.

医学博士考夫曼（Kaufman），医学主任兼健康趋势研究项目负责人公共卫生和政策制定者越快赶上日益严重的合成药物问题，就越有可能在更多的生命损失和更多的家庭和社区遭受不可逆转的伤害之前，遏制危险和不断发展的毒品流行病。”有关更多信息，请访问www.QuestDrugMonitoring.com.Quest诊断健康趋势研究是根据适用的隐私法规和公司严格的隐私政策，并遵循WCG机构审查委员会批准的程序，对汇总的不明实验室数据进行的。

The present study's strengths include its large data set, geographic scope, and validated testing by the highly reliable mass spectrometry method. Its limitations include geographic disparities and inability to validate or contextualize test results with medical records. The terms high- and low-income communities refer to certain geographies that have median income levels that fall in the highest and lowest quintile as determined by the U.S.

本研究的优势包括其大数据集，地理范围以及通过高度可靠的质谱法进行的验证测试。它的局限性包括地理差异以及无法用医疗记录验证或背景化测试结果。高收入和低收入社区这两个术语是指某些地区的中位收入水平属于美国确定的最高和最低五分之一。

Census Bureau. For the full study methodology, including strengths and weaknesses, please refer .

人口普查局。有关完整的研究方法，包括优点和缺点，请参阅。