NEW YORK – Next-generation sequencing instrument makers went beyond traditional genomics in 2024, integrating new hardware and chemistries to enable multiomics.

纽约——2024年，下一代测序仪器制造商超越了传统基因组学，整合了新的硬件和化学技术，实现了多组学。

In addition to making technological innovations, each NGS firm faced opportunities and challenges against the backdrop of a tough funding environment as well as geopolitical tensions.

除了进行技术创新外，每家NGS公司在艰难的融资环境以及地缘政治紧张的背景下都面临着机遇和挑战。

Sequencing companies are 'finding other growth vectors beyond just core sequencing,' said Cowen analyst Dan Brennan, who closely follows the field. 'I think the sequencer is becoming more of a ubiquitous tool.'

密切关注该领域的考恩（Cowen）分析师丹·布伦南（DanBrennan）说，测序公司正在“寻找除核心测序之外的其他增长载体”我认为测序仪正变得越来越普遍。”

Recovering from a tumultuous 2023, Illumina, for instance, made multiomics one of its priorities this year. Soon after it completed its divestment of Grail in June, the company announced the acquisition of single-cell technology firm Fluent BioSciences and integrated that firm's PIPseq instrument-free single-cell sample prep into its product portfolio.

例如，从动荡的2023年恢复过来的Illumina将多组学列为今年的优先事项之一。在6月完成对Grail的撤资后不久，该公司宣布收购单细胞技术公司Fluent BioSciences，并将该公司的PIPseq无仪器单细胞样品制备整合到其产品组合中。

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While Illumina maintained that it will remain 'an open NGS platform' and will continue to support its existing single-cell partnerships, the Fluent deal puts the firm in direct competition with other single-cell assay developers, such as 10x Genomics, which has optimized its technologies for Illumina sequencing.

虽然Illumina坚称它将保持“开放的NGS平台”，并将继续支持其现有的单细胞合作伙伴关系，但Fluent交易使该公司与其他单细胞分析开发商直接竞争，例如10x Genomics，该公司优化了Illumina测序技术。

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In August, Illumina announced the so-called '5-base genome' and 'comprehensive WGS' technologies, providing more details at the American Society of Human Genetics annual meeting in November.

8月，Illumina宣布了所谓的“5碱基基因组”和“综合WGS”技术，并在11月的美国人类遗传学学会年会上提供了更多细节。

The 5-base genome assay  detects 5-methylcytosine(5mC) and DNA variants in parallel and will go into early-access testing at the beginning of next year.

5碱基基因组检测平行检测5-甲基胞嘧啶（5mC）和DNA变体，并将在明年年初进行早期访问测试。

Once commercialized, the assay will likely face competition from Biomodal’s epigenetic analysis products, including its Duet Multiomics Solution evoC, which is based on 'six-letter seq' technology.

一旦商业化，该测定法可能会面临来自Biomodal表观遗传分析产品的竞争，包括其基于“六字母序列”技术的Duet Multiomics解决方案evoC。

Illumina's constellation mapped read technology, meanwhile, which locates the position of short reads on longer DNA fragments, already has 10 early-access sites, including the Broad Institute, and the company plans to expand early access in the first half of 2025.

与此同时，Illumina的星座映射读取技术（constellation mapped read technology）已拥有10个早期访问站点，其中包括Broad Institute，该公司计划在2025年上半年扩大早期访问。

Illumina also highlighted its forthcoming proteomics assay at ASHG, developed in partnership with Standard BioTools. Dubbed Illumina Protein Prep, the assay will be able to analyze between 9,000 and 10,000 protein targets when it launches commercially in the first quarter of 2025.

Illumina还强调了其即将在ASHG进行的蛋白质组学分析，该分析是与Standard BioTools合作开发的。这种被称为Illumina Protein Prep的检测方法将在2025年第一季度投入商业运营时，能够分析9000至10000个蛋白质靶标。

As for PIPseq, Illumina will begin selling kits, which are currently offered by the legacy Fluent team, in the first quarter of 2025.

至于PIPseq，Illumina将于2025年第一季度开始销售legacy Fluent团队目前提供的套件。

Illumina also overhauled its mid-throughput MiSeq platform in October. The new MiSeq i100 instrument has a list price of $109,900 and can generate between 5 million and 100 million reads per run, or 3 Gb to 30 Gb of data.

Illumina还于10月对其中吞吐量MiSeq平台进行了大修。新的MiSeq i100仪器的标价为109900美元，每次运行可以产生500万到一亿次读取，或3 Gb到30 Gb的数据。

The platform has already gained some traction among researchers. 'There are a few really nice features about this instrument such as footprint, ease of use, room temperature reagents, fast run time, etcetera,' said Anoja Perera, director of sequencing and discovery genomics at the Stowers Institute for Medical Research, whose lab has decided to purchase a MiSeq i100.

该平台已经在研究人员中获得了一些吸引力。”斯托尔斯医学研究所（Stowers Institute for Medical Research）测序与发现基因组学主任阿诺亚·佩雷拉（AnojaPerera）说，这种仪器有一些非常好的功能，例如占地面积、易用性、室温试剂、快速运行时间等。斯托尔斯医学研究所的实验室已决定购买MiSeq i100。

'We will use this instrument for our amplicon sequencing work plus for small genomes and transcriptomes,' she said. .

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At ASHG, Illumina said it is pushing for longer reads on the MiSeq i100 and is performing 2x500-base runs in its R&D lab.

在ASHG，Illumina表示，它正在推动MiSeq i100的更长读取时间，并在其研发实验室进行2x500的基本运行。

During 2024, Illumina also lobbied the US Congress for the Biosecure Act, which explicitly targets its Chinese competitors BGI Group and MGI Tech, as well as MGI subsidiary Complete Genomics. The Chinese companies, meantime, separately lobbied against the bill.

2024年，Illumina还游说美国国会通过《生物安全法案》，该法案明确针对其中国竞争对手BGI Group和MGI Tech，以及MGI子公司Complete Genomics。与此同时，中国公司分别游说反对该法案。

First introduced in January by the House Select Committee on Strategic Competition between the United States and the Chinese Communist Party, the Biosecure Act aims to ban federally funded medical providers from using products manufactured or services provided by what it calls 'foreign adversary biotech companies of concern.'.

《生物安全法案》于1月由众议院中美战略竞争特别委员会首次引入，旨在禁止联邦资助的医疗服务提供商使用其所谓的“关注的外国对手生物技术公司”制造的产品或提供的服务。

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In May, a new version of the ​​bill extended the deadline to 2032 for existing customers to part way with China-related companies listed in the bill. The US House of Representatives eventually passed the Biosecure Act in September, though many genomics researchers voiced their concerns regarding the legislation.

5月，新版本的法案将现有客户与法案中列出的中国相关公司合作的最后期限延长至2032年。美国众议院最终于9月通过了《生物安全法案》，尽管许多基因组学研究人员对该法案表示担忧。

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So far, the US Senate has not formally voted on its version of the legislation, and the chance for the bill to pass before the end of the year is becoming slimmer.

到目前为止，美国参议院尚未就其立法版本进行正式投票，该法案在年底前通过的机会越来越渺茫。

Even if the bill doesn't pass this year, 'the majority of investors are planning for this bill to become an eventuality,' said Brennan, adding that the Biosecure Act has evidently 'really hurt' BGI's and MGI's commercial opportunities in the US.

布伦南（Brennan）说，即使该法案今年未获得通过，大多数投资者仍计划将该法案变为可能。他补充说，生物安全法案显然“确实伤害了”BGI和MGI在美国的商业机会。

Still, Complete Genomics held onto the US market while making commercial and technological advancements throughout the year. The company opened a new manufacturing facility in San Jose, California, in the spring, for instance, to product its NGS platforms domestically.

尽管如此，Complete Genomics在全年取得商业和技术进步的同时仍在美国市场占有一席之地。例如，该公司春季在加利福尼亚州圣何塞开设了一家新的制造工厂，在国内生产其NGS平台。

At the Advances in Genome Biology and Technology annual meeting in February, Complete Genomics unveiled a new sequencing platform, DNBseq-G800, that runs the firm's antibody-based CoolMPS chemistry.

在2月份的基因组生物学和技术进步年会上，Complete Genomics推出了一个新的测序平台DNBseq-G800，该平台运行该公司基于抗体的CoolMPS化学。

In an email, Rob Tarbox, VP of product and marketing, said the company is seeing 'more interest' from customers in the G800 platform versus the sibling DNBseq-G400 because of its 'longer reads, higher accuracy, and an improved instrument workflow,' though he declined to comment on the installed base of either platform.

产品和营销副总裁罗伯·塔博克斯（RobTarbox）在一封电子邮件中表示，与同级DNBseq-G400相比，该公司看到客户对G800平台的“兴趣更大”，因为它的“读取时间更长，准确性更高，仪器工作流程得到改进”，但他拒绝就两个平台的安装基础发表评论。

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At ASHG, Complete Genomics also highlighted efforts to bring multiomics and spatial biology capabilities to its sequencing customers. The company has become the exclusive US distributor of products from STOmics Tech, a BGI Group subsidiary that has commercialized the Stereo-seq technology.

在ASHG，Complete Genomics还强调了为其测序客户带来多组学和空间生物学功能的努力。该公司已成为STOmics Tech产品的美国独家经销商，STOmics Tech是BGI集团的子公司，已将Stereo-seq技术商业化。

Complete Genomics also showcased Go Spatial at ASHG, an automated sample processing platform for Stereo-seq, as well as FluoXpert, which promises to give its DNBSeq-G400 sequencer protein analysis capabilities with a software upgrade.

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Also pursuing on-board multiomics capabilities is Element Biosciences, which opened the year by unveiling its new Aviti24 sequencer at the JP Morgan Healthcare Conference in January. Essentially an Aviti platform with hardware and software upgrades, Aviti24 enables in situ analysis of DNA, RNA, proteins, and cell morphology for up to 1.3 million cells per flow cell in a single sequencing run.

Element Biosciences也在追求板载多组学功能，该公司于今年1月在摩根大通医疗保健会议上推出了新的Aviti24测序仪。Aviti24基本上是一个具有硬件和软件升级的Aviti平台，可以在单个测序运行中对每个流通池多达130万个细胞的DNA，RNA，蛋白质和细胞形态进行原位分析。

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In July, Element raised more than $277 million in Series D funding, which will help the firm bring Aviti24 to market and potentially opens an IPO window for the company.

7月，Element在D系列融资中筹集了2.77亿美元，这将有助于该公司将Aviti24推向市场，并可能为该公司打开IPO窗口。

Meanwhile, another NGS newcomer, Singular Genomics Systems, revealed its G4X multiomic platform during this year's AGBT. An upgraded version of its original sequencer, G4X can do direct RNA sequencing, RNA detection, multiplex protein analysis, and digital H&E staining on human tissue sections, including formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) samples.

与此同时，另一位NGS新来者，奇异基因组学系统公司，在今年的AGBT上展示了其G4X多组学平台。G4X是其原始测序仪的升级版本，可以对人体组织切片（包括福尔马林固定，石蜡包埋（FFPE）样品）进行直接RNA测序，RNA检测，多重蛋白质分析和数字H＆E染色。

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In March, Singular cut its workforce by 20 percent due to financial distress, leading the company to pivot to spatial biology applications while deemphasizing its presence in the mid-throughput next-generation sequencing market.

3月，由于财务困境，Singular公司裁员20%，导致该公司转向空间生物学应用，同时不再强调其在中吞吐量下一代测序市场的地位。

However, things turned brighter for the company later in the year, with rivaling takeover bids from Deerfield Management and Tang Capital Partners, the outcome of which is unclear at present.

然而，随着迪尔菲尔德管理公司（Deerfield Management）和唐资本（Tang Capital Partners）竞相收购，该公司在今年晚些时候的情况变得更加光明，目前尚不清楚收购结果。

For Ultima Genomics, 2024 was a relatively quiet year as the company continued to gain foothold in the high-throughput short-read market dominated by Illumina.

对于Ultima Genomics来说，2024年是相对平静的一年，因为该公司继续在由Illumina主导的高通量短读市场中站稳脚跟。

At AGBT, the company fully launched its UG 100 sequencer, revealing several high-profile customers such as the Broad Institute, the New York Genome Center, Exact Sciences, Quest Diagnostics, South Korea's Macrogen, Inocras (formerly known as Genome Insight), and Regeneron.

在AGBT上，该公司全面推出了UG 100测序仪，揭示了几个备受瞩目的客户，例如Broad Institute，纽约基因组中心，Exact Sciences，Quest Diagnostics，韩国Macrogen，Inocras（以前称为Genome Insight）和Regeneron。

Throughout the year, Ultima also announced several clinical sequencing partnerships, including one with Quest Diagnostics for minimal residual disease and pediatric rare disease testing, as well as another with Labcorp for cancer testing. At ASHG, Ultima named several certified service providers, such as Marcrogen, Inocras, and the University of Minnesota Genomics Center, to make its technology more accessible to researchers.

在这一年中，Ultima还宣布了几项临床测序合作伙伴关系，其中一项与Quest Diagnostics合作进行最小残留病和儿科罕见病检测，另一项与Labcorp合作进行癌症检测。在ASHG，Ultima指定了几家认证服务提供商，如Marcrogen、Inocras和明尼苏达大学基因组学中心，以使研究人员更容易获得其技术。

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For the long-read sequencing companies, 2024 was a year of continued technology improvement as the firms tried to expand into the clinical and translational markets.

对于长期阅读的测序公司来说，2024年是技术持续改进的一年，因为这些公司试图扩展到临床和转化市场。

Pacific Biosciences, which had a tough year financially, is hoping to attract more Revio customers with its new Sprq chemistry, while reducing the instrument's list price from $779,000 to $599,000. Launched at this year's ASHG meeting, Sprq promises to reduce sequencing costs for a 20X HiFi human genome to under $500, half the current cost on the Revio system.

财务困难的太平洋生物科学公司（Pacific Biosciences）希望通过其新的Sprq化学产品吸引更多的Revio客户，同时将该仪器的标价从779000美元降至599000美元。在今年的ASHG会议上推出的Sprq承诺将20倍高保真人类基因组的测序成本降至500美元以下，是Revio系统当前成本的一半。

Additionally, DNA input decreased fourfold through more efficient sample loading onto the SMRT flow cell..

此外，通过将更有效的样品加载到SMRT流通池中，DNA输入减少了四倍。。

To entice customers with smaller labs, PacBio also launched a lower-throughput benchtop sequencer, called Vega, during the ASHG meeting. With a list price of $169,000, or $79,000 with a reagent commitment for 152 runs, Vega can purportedly analyze 600 full-length RNA samples per year or 200 human genomes.

为了吸引小型实验室的客户，PacBio在ASHG会议期间还推出了一款吞吐量较低的台式测序仪，称为Vega。Vega的标价为169000美元，或者说在152次运行的试剂承诺下为79000美元，据称每年可以分析600个全长RNA样本或200个人类基因组。

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For Oxford Nanopore Technologies, the goal for 2024 appeared clear — continuing to expand its presence in the applied, pharmaceutical, and clinical markets.

对于牛津纳米孔技术公司来说，2024年的目标似乎很明确-继续扩大其在应用，制药和临床市场的存在。

In May, the UK company announced Ampore-TB, a tuberculosis drug resistance sequencing assay that it expects to become its first in vitro diagnostic test developed in house. Development of Ampore-TB is spearheaded by Oxford Nanopore Diagnostics, a subsidiary of the company established in 2022.

5月，这家英国公司宣布了Ampore TB，这是一种结核病耐药性测序检测方法，预计将成为其首次在内部开发的体外诊断检测方法。Ampore TB的开发由牛津纳米孔诊断公司牵头，该公司成立于2022年。

In additon, Oxford Nanopore forged partnerships with companies and academic institutions this year to expand applications for nanopore sequencing. These include collaborations with Wasatch BioLabs for direct whole-methylome sequencing, Twist Bioscience for pharmacogenomics tests, and Swiss biotech manufacturing firm Lonza for mRNA manufacturing quality control, to name a few.

此外，牛津纳米孔今年与公司和学术机构建立了合作伙伴关系，以扩大纳米孔测序的应用。其中包括与Wasatch BioLabs合作进行直接全甲基测序，与Twist Bioscience合作进行药物基因组学测试，与瑞士生物技术制造公司Lonza合作进行mRNA制造质量控制等。

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Oxford Nanopore also encountered a new competitor this year: In August, China's BGI Research, a unit of BGI Group, unveiled its first nanopore sequencer, CycloneSeq. BGI later granted the exclusive rights to commercialize and distribute CycloneSeq globally to its affiliate MGI.

牛津纳米孔今年也遇到了一个新的竞争对手：8月，BGI集团旗下的中国华大基因研究院（BGI Research）推出了首款纳米孔测序仪CycloneSeq。BGI后来授予其附属公司MGI在全球商业化和分销CycloneSeq的专有权。

While its remains to be seen how much of a threat CycloneSeq will be to Oxford Nanopore's products, the UK company is already taking legal. In December, Oxford Nanopore filed a lawsuit in the UK against BGI Group and its affiliates for 'breach of contract, misuse of confidential information, and infringement of trade secrets'..

虽然CycloneSeq对牛津纳米孔公司产品的威胁程度仍有待观察，但这家英国公司已经开始采取法律行动。12月，牛津纳米孔在英国对BGI集团及其附属公司提起诉讼，指控其“违反合同、滥用机密信息和侵犯商业秘密”。。

Looking ahead to 2025, according to Brennan, there is 'probably going to be restructuring' within the National Institutes of Health with the incoming Trump administration, which could potentially negatively impact the NGS tools market. In addition, retaliation from China is likely if the Trump administration decides to impose tariffs on Chinese goods, another risk factor for NGS firms with business in China.

布伦南（Brennan）表示，展望2025年，随着特朗普政府的上任，美国国立卫生研究院（National Institutes of Health）内部“可能会进行重组”，这可能会对NGS工具市场产生负面影响。此外，如果特朗普政府决定对中国商品征收关税，中国可能会进行报复，这是在华经营的NGS公司的另一个风险因素。

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