The development of digital tools for climate health is considered an emerging field of action and an economic opportunity. Analysing international best practices, we propose a typology of these technologies and their functions. Climate health technologies share common challenges regarding data integration, the integration of users and policy alignment.

数字气候健康工具的发展被认为是一个新兴的行动领域和经济机遇。通过分析国际最佳实践，我们提出了这些技术及其功能的分类。气候健康技术在数据整合、用户整合和政策协调方面面临共同挑战。

Their effectiveness in enhancing public health depends on addressing these challenges through robust data integration, active user engagement, and policy coherence..

其在提升公共健康方面的有效性取决于通过强大的数据整合、积极的用户参与和政策一致性来应对这些挑战。

Functions and technologies in digital climate health solutions

数字气候健康解决方案中的功能与技术

Digital solutions offer new potentials for responding to the health challenges of climate change. Platforms, apps, and telemedicine may support public health programs, optimize epidemiological surveillance, and enable more efficient case identification and proactive public health interventions

数字解决方案为应对气候变化的健康挑战提供了新的潜力。平台、应用程序和远程医疗可以支持公共卫生项目，优化流行病学监测，并实现更高效的病例识别和积极的公共卫生干预。

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. In addition, mobile applications, dashboards, and interactive platforms may facilitate effective communication, education, involvement in health management, real-time information exchange, and participatory health initiatives

此外，移动应用程序、仪表板和交互平台可以促进有效的沟通、教育、参与健康管理、实时信息交流和参与式健康计划。

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To understand the interplay between digital technologies and their functions, we have mapped the technological functions and the specific technologies employed in 90 best practice cases for digital climate health solutions in North America, Europe, Australia, and New Zealand. For this purpose, we have searched project databases of the World Health Organization, the European Environmental Agency, and the European Commission.

为了理解数字技术及其功能之间的相互作用，我们对北美、欧洲、澳大利亚和新西兰的90个数字气候健康解决方案最佳实践案例中使用的技术功能和具体技术进行了梳理。为此，我们检索了世界卫生组织、欧洲环境署和欧盟委员会的项目数据库。

Based on available documents, an inductive coding of projects was undertaken, and validated against interdisciplinary research literature on digital climate health solutions. The sampling was based on the following criteria: relevance to climate health, user engagement, interdisciplinary knowledge, evidence of impact, and complexity of technology..

基于现有文献，对项目进行了归纳编码，并通过关于数字气候健康解决方案的跨学科研究文献进行了验证。抽样标准如下：与气候健康的相关性、用户参与度、跨学科知识、影响证据以及技术复杂性。

Drawing from our sample of best practice projects, we have identified four major domains of digital climate health and resilience applications:

从我们的最佳实践项目样本中，我们确定了数字气候健康和韧性应用的四个主要领域：

Heat warning systems (HWS):

热警告系统 (HWS):

Heat warning systems rely on accurate meteorological forecasts, and reliable health impact assessments for disseminating risk information and early warnings to medical providers, emergency response teams, and patient groups

高温预警系统依赖于准确的气象预报，以及可靠的健康影响评估，以向医疗服务提供者、应急响应团队和患者群体传播风险信息和早期预警。

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. Evaluating the health impacts of extreme heat events, HWS rely on climate models, health statistics, and given information on vulnerable populations. These systems are considered most effective when tailored to the geographical and demographic contexts they serve, offering localized alerts to at-risk populations.

评估极端高温事件对健康的影响时，HWS依赖气候模型、健康统计数据以及有关脆弱人群的信息。这些系统在根据其所服务的地理和人口环境进行定制时被认为最有效，为高风险人群提供本地化的警报。

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. However, timely dissemination of risk information and the effective reach-out to vulnerable groups remains a challenge for these systems due to technological barriers, a lack of social trust, and resource limitations

然而，由于技术障碍、社会信任缺失和资源限制，这些系统在风险信息的及时传播和有效触及脆弱群体方面仍然面临挑战。

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Air pollution monitoring:

空气质量监测：

monitoring air quality is mainly accomplished through a combination of stationary sensors, mobile applications, and online platforms

监测空气质量主要通过固定传感器、移动应用程序和在线平台的组合来完成。

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. Personalized approaches for vulnerable patients utilize smartphone GPS to generate individual time-activity patterns, linking data on concentrated air pollution to personal exposure

针对脆弱患者个性化的方法利用智能手机GPS生成个人的时间活动模式，将集中空气污染的数据与个人暴露联系起来。

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. This approach is widely used to provide real-time warnings, particularly for respiratory and cardiovascular patients

这种方法被广泛用于提供实时警告，特别是针对呼吸系统和心血管病患者。

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. The field of air quality also features citizen science tools enhancing public awareness and engagement on air quality issues, while providing spatially distributed real-time data

空气质量领域还推出了增强公众对空气质量问题的认识和参与的公民科学工具，同时提供空间分布的实时数据。

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Remote patient monitoring (RPM):

远程患者监测 (RPM):

RPM enables care providers to monitor and deliver care to patients regardless of their geographical distance

RPM使护理提供者能够监测并向患者提供护理，无论他们身处何地。

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. Wearable sensor technologies are introduced as a promising way to measure personal risks and exposure continuously: indoors, outdoors, and even on the move

可穿戴传感器技术被引入作为一种有前途的方法，可以持续测量个人风险和暴露：无论是在室内、室外，甚至在移动中。

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. Combining data from wearables with patient-reported outcomes can improve symptom monitoring, provide context to sensor outputs, support clinical decision-making, and empower patients’ independence, especially during periods of unfavorable climate conditions

结合来自可穿戴设备的数据与患者报告的结局，可以改善症状监测、为传感器输出提供背景信息、支持临床决策，并增强患者的独立性，尤其是在不利气候条件期间。

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Monitoring the distribution of vectors

监控矢量分布

: efforts for monitoring the distribution of vectors, for instance ticks or tropical mosquitoes, combine technologies at different scales. Remote sensing and GIS facilitate the monitoring of weather and environmental factors producing risk maps and early warning systems

：例如，监测蜱虫或热带蚊子等病媒分布的努力结合了不同尺度的技术。遥感和地理信息系统有助于监测天气和环境因素，生成风险地图和早期预警系统。

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. Meanwhile, citizens are involved in gathering evidence on the encounters with vectors such as tropical mosquitos

同时，公民也参与收集与热带蚊子等病媒接触的证据

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. However, studies suggest that there are challenges in translating findings into actionable policies and effective adaptation strategies, often due to limited resources

然而，研究表明，由于资源有限，将研究结果转化为可操作的政策和有效的适应策略存在挑战。

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Tools in these domains provide information and opportunities for communication to address climate hazards, relying on a broad range of specific technologies. We have developed a typology of different digital health technologies and their respective functions. Technological functions refer to different scales, ranging from entire countries or populations to the level of single patients and vulnerable individuals.

这些领域中的工具提供信息和交流机会以应对气候灾害，依赖于各种具体技术。我们已经开发出不同数字健康技术及其各自功能的分类。技术功能涉及不同规模，从整个国家或人群到单个患者和弱势个体不等。

Figure .

图 。

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demonstrates the relationship between different technologies and technological functions, indicating the main links derived from our project database.

展示了不同技术和技术功能之间的关系，指出了从我们的项目数据库中得出的主要联系。

Fig. 1: Typology of included best practice climate health technologies and their functions (created by authors).

图1：包含的最佳实践气候健康技术及其功能的类型学（作者创建）。

Figure 1 presents a typology outlining technological components frequently used and their main functions in digital climate health technologies. As depicted in the matrix, technologies such as satellite-based geo-information systems, environmental sensors, and citizen science tools encompass multiple functions including data gathering, processing, and mapping, which are crucial for decision-making, risk assessment, warning, and individual adaptation.

图1展示了一种类型学，概述了数字气候健康技术中常用的技术组件及其主要功能。如矩阵所示，基于卫星的地理信息系统、环境传感器和公民科学工具等技术涵盖了多种功能，包括数据收集、处理和制图，这些功能对于决策、风险评估、预警和个体适应至关重要。

These technologies integrate significant functions of monitoring diseases, environmental risks, or vectors by gathering high-resolution data on public health and environmental conditions. Geospatial data are visualized to create maps and diagrams for display in informative and educational websites, platforms, and dashboards, as well as mobile applications.

这些技术通过收集有关公共卫生和环境状况的高分辨率数据，整合了监测疾病、环境风险或媒介的重要功能。地理空间数据被可视化以创建地图和图表，用于在信息丰富和教育性的网站、平台及仪表板以及移动应用程序中展示。

Mobile applications are polyvalent and serve as a key to coordinating with other technological options. Wearable devices and telemedicine tools promote personal healthcare functions and the continuous tracking of patients’ health metrics. Telemedicine tools are often connected with mobile applications and broadcasting systems, enabling both real-time and asynchronous communication between patients and healthcare professionals.

移动应用程序具有多功能性，是与其他技术选项协调的关键。可穿戴设备和远程医疗工具促进了个人健康功能和患者健康指标的持续跟踪。远程医疗工具通常与移动应用程序和广播系统相连，能够实现患者与医疗专业人员之间的实时和异步通信。

Digital platforms potentially enable the involvement and participation to engage patients and the public in shaping climate health policies, fostering participatory approaches in healthcare. Correspondingly, digital gaming technologies enable users to generate avatars and engage with others, offering real-time communication features for distributing instructional resources, or creating virtual training settings for healthcare professionals..

数字平台有可能促进患者和公众参与气候健康政策的制定，推动医疗保健领域的参与式方法。相应地，数字游戏技术使用户能够生成虚拟角色并与他人互动，提供实时通信功能以分发教学资源，或为医疗专业人员创建虚拟培训环境。

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Three requirements for successful digital climate health solutions

成功的数字气候健康解决方案的三个要求

Successful digital health projects encompass diverse functions, combining one or even several technological elements. Across the digital climate health solutions analyzed, we find shared challenges regarding the integration of different data stocks, the integration of users in development of the process and efficient links with adherent policies..

成功的数字健康项目涵盖多种功能，结合了一个甚至多个技术元素。在分析的数字气候健康解决方案中，我们发现共享的挑战在于不同数据集的整合、用户在开发过程中的整合以及与相关政策的有效联系。

Requirement 1: Integrating data stocks

需求1：整合数据仓库

Effective climate health tools rely on the integration of diverse types of data, including climate and weather data, clinical health data, and user-generated data. The required integration often faces challenges due to incomplete, fragmented or unharmonized data-sets, conflicting spatial and temproal scales, and at times also the quality of data gathered from different devices as well as by different disciplines and stakeholders.

有效的气候健康工具依赖于多种类型数据的整合，包括气候和天气数据、临床健康数据以及用户生成的数据。所需的整合常常因数据集不完整、碎片化或不协调、时空尺度冲突，以及有时来自不同设备、不同学科和利益相关者收集的数据质量而面临挑战。

Different expert positions and, potentially even lay knowledge, have to be made commensurable in terms of compatibility and scale. In case of conflict, this may result in issues regarding the prioritization and validation of data and information.

不同的专家立场，甚至可能是外行知识，都必须在兼容性和规模方面具有可比性。一旦发生冲突，这可能导致关于数据和信息的优先级和验证的问题。

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. Concrete challenges include the integration of climate and weather data of different spatial and temporal resolution, medical taxonomies, the evaluation of physicians, and potentially subjective patient data input. Responsibility for the integration of these knowledge stocks often lays within the technical operationalisation of different features, with a tendency of obscuring the underlying decision-making process.

具体的挑战包括整合不同空间和时间分辨率的气候和天气数据、医学分类、医生的评估，以及可能主观的患者数据输入。整合这些知识库的责任通常在于不同功能的技术操作，但往往掩盖了底层的决策过程。

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. However, decisions made in this regard are crucial for the design and functionality of tools and applications.

然而，这方面的决策对于工具和应用程序的设计和功能至关重要。

Transdisciplinary approaches are key enablers for data integration, as these emphasize collaboration across disciplines as well as the inclusion and empowerment of non-academic stakeholders, especially patients, in the research and development process

跨学科方法是数据整合的关键推动因素，因为这些方法强调跨学科的合作，以及非学术利益相关者（尤其是患者）在研究和开发过程中的参与和赋权。

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. Transdisciplinary collaboration and patient-centered approaches are particularly relevant in the context of climate health, as the fruitful intersection of environmental science, public health, and social sciences is critical. An example of successful data integration is the development of the Climate Data Library by the International Research Institute for Climate and Society at Columbia University (NY), which was designed as an integrated data platform in order to support the use of climate and environmental information by global public health professionals and decision-makers.

跨学科合作和以患者为中心的方法在气候健康背景下尤为重要，因为环境科学、公共卫生和社会科学的富有成效的交汇点至关重要。成功数据整合的一个例子是哥伦比亚大学（纽约）国际气候与社会研究所开发的气候数据图书馆，该图书馆被设计为一个集成的数据平台，旨在支持全球公共卫生专业人员和决策者使用气候和环境信息。

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. Climate scientists initiated the database to support exploratory data analysis, and it now serves as a platform for transdisciplinary researchers focusing on topics related to climate impacts on society

气候科学家创建了该数据库以支持探索性数据分析，现在它已成为专注于气候对社会影响相关主题的跨学科研究人员的平台。

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Developers of climate health tools should actively seek to integrate diverse stocks of information and data from the outset of the development process. Transdisciplinary approaches include engaging local communities, public health experts, and environmental scientists to ensure that tools are both scientifically robust and contextually relevant..

气候健康工具的开发者应积极寻求在开发过程的初期就整合各种信息和数据。跨学科方法包括让当地社区、公共卫生专家和环境科学家参与其中，以确保这些工具既具有科学严谨性，又符合实际情境。

Requirement 2: Integrating users in the development process

需求2：在开发过程中整合用户

The adoption and effectiveness of digital health tools depend on their usability and the extent to which they meet users’ needs

数字健康工具的采用和有效性取决于它们的可用性以及在多大程度上满足用户的需求。

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. In most countries, the healthcare delivery model is multi-layered, with doctors and nurses as primary providers. Often built from a providers’ perspective, many digital tools fail to gain traction due to a lack of user engagement in their development

在大多数国家，医疗保健提供模式是多层次的，医生和护士是主要提供者。许多数字工具往往是从提供者的角度构建的，由于在其开发过程中缺乏用户参与，未能获得吸引力。

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. Accordingly, user-centered design (UCD) is a critical approach in this context, emphasizing the importance of involving users including patients, healthcare providers, or public health officials, during the development process

因此，以用户为中心的设计（UCD）在此背景下是一种关键方法，强调在开发过程中涉及用户，包括患者、医疗保健提供者或公共卫生官员的重要性。

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. UCD plays a key role in achieving user engagement in the implementation phase, thus improving the likelihood of the intervention’s effectiveness, leading to higher adoption rates and better health outcomes

UCD在实施阶段对实现用户参与度起着关键作用，从而提高干预措施的有效性可能性，带来更高的采用率和更好的健康结果。

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Successful examples of user-centered design include mobile applications developed for people in unhealthy conditions like smoking, obesity, diabetes, and other chronic conditions that require behavioral changes for treatment

以用户为中心的设计的成功案例包括为吸烟、肥胖、糖尿病和其他需要行为改变来治疗的慢性病患者开发的移动应用程序。

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. These apps enable patients to track their condition and communicate with healthcare providers, as a means to motivate and track behavioral change

这些应用程序使患者能够跟踪自己的病情并与医疗保健提供者沟通，以此作为激励和跟踪行为改变的手段。

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. The European Union-funded “PulsAir” mobile application and data ecosystem, for instance, serves both for collecting data from users to assess the individual risk of patients with asthma and type 2 diabetes and involves gaming elements such as avatars, points, and rewards motivating citizens to take action towards healthier behaviors.

例如，由欧盟资助的“PulsAir”移动应用程序和数据生态系统，既可用于从用户收集数据以评估哮喘和2型糖尿病患者的风险，还包含头像、积分和奖励等游戏元素，激励公民采取更健康的行为。

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. User feedback on mock-up versions was integrated even before building the first prototype

用户对模型版本的反馈甚至在构建第一个原型之前就被整合了。

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. Once established, continued user feedback was shown to support strong links and active engagement with the application.

一旦建立，持续的用户反馈被证明可以支持与应用程序的强大链接和积极互动。

To enhance the adoption of climate health tools, developers should engage end-users in the first stages of the development process. This involves conducting user research, gathering feedback through iterative testing, and ensuring that the final product demonstrates high usability and effectively addresses the specific needs of its target users.

为了促进气候健康工具的采用，开发人员应在开发过程的最初阶段吸引最终用户参与。这涉及进行用户研究，通过迭代测试收集反馈，并确保最终产品具有高可用性，并有效满足目标用户的特定需求。

Building a community of users who actively contribute to and benefit from the tool can then ensure its long-term user support..

建立一个积极贡献并从中受益的用户社区，可以确保工具的长期用户支持。

Requirement 3: Integrating digital tools into public health policies

要求三：将数字工具融入公共卫生政策

While the first two requirements target the development and use of applications, the third relates to their effective links to climate adapatation policies and public health strategies. Research has discovered multiple co-benefits between climate adaptation, mitigation and public health

虽然前两个要求针对应用程序的开发和使用，但第三个要求涉及它们与气候适应政策和公共卫生战略的有效联系。研究发现气候适应、减缓与公共卫生之间存在多种协同效益。

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. However, political responsibilities in these fields are commonly fragmented and policy priorities misaligned. Providing warnings, information on risk areas or toolkits for climate health adaptation, digital climate health platforms may serve as a vehicle for better integration. The concept of policy coherence is relevant here, emphasizing the need for alignment between digital health initiatives and existing public health frameworks.

然而，这些领域的政治责任常常分散，政策优先事项错位。提供预警、风险区域信息或气候健康适应工具包，数字气候健康平台可能成为更好整合的载体。政策一致性概念与此相关，强调数字健康计划与现有公共卫生框架之间需要协调一致。

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. Policy coherence ensures that digital tools are not only technically effective, but also supported by the necessary institutional and policy environments

政策一致性确保数字工具不仅在技术上有效，而且得到必要的制度和政策环境的支持。

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The development of the “AirRater app” in Australia is a successful practice in this field, as it managed to integrate air quality monitoring tools with public health policies

澳大利亚“AirRater app”的开发是该领域内的一个成功实践，因为它成功地将空气质量监测工具与公共卫生政策结合起来。

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. AirRater offers individual-level and location-specific data and assists public health responses to environmental hazards by providing timely, accessible, and understandable environmental information

AirRater提供个人层面和特定地点的数据，并通过提供及时、可访问且易于理解的环境信息来协助公共卫生应对环境危害。

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. It helps health departments communicate important information to populations, gather population-level health data during hazard events like smog or bushfires, and directly support individuals with personalized environmental information, thereby promoting improved health outcomes

它帮助卫生部门向人群传达重要信息，在雾霾或丛林火灾等危险事件期间收集人群层面的健康数据，并通过个性化的环境信息直接支持个人，从而促进健康状况的改善。

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Developers should closely collaborate with policymakers to align digital health tools with public health priorities. This requires an understanding of the policy landscape, identifying opportunities for integration, and advocating for the inclusion of digital tools in public health strategies. Ensuring that tools are adaptable to changing policy environments is critical for their long-term success..

开发人员应与政策制定者密切合作，使数字健康工具与公共卫生优先事项保持一致。这需要理解政策环境，识别整合机会，并倡导将数字工具纳入公共卫生战略。确保这些工具能够适应不断变化的政策环境对其长期成功至关重要。

Context matters

上下文很重要

This commentary has charted the field of digital climate health applications, set at the intersection of climate adaptation and the promotion of health and well-being. We have identified tools in four different domains: heat warning systems, air pollution monitoring, remote patient monoring and monitoring vectors.

这篇评论探讨了数字气候健康应用领域，该领域处于气候适应与促进健康和福祉的交汇点。我们已经确定了四个不同领域的工具：高温预警系统、空气污染监测、远程患者监测和病媒监测。

These tools provide an information basis for patients, vulnerable social groups as well as health providers and decision-makers, and offer a potential for individual monitoring, support, and empowerment. Linking insights from climate science, medicine and public health, digital climate health solutions may become an instrument for knowledge transfer and policy integration.

这些工具为患者、脆弱社会群体以及医疗保健提供者和决策者提供了信息基础，并为个人监测、支持和赋权提供了潜力。通过结合气候科学、医学和公共卫生的见解，数字气候健康解决方案可能成为知识转移和政策整合的工具。

The successful development and roll-out of climate health tools, we have argued, requires a triple integration of data, users, and policies. First, diverse data stocks should be integrated to ensure that these tools are scientifically robust and contextually relevant. Second, users should be engaged in the development process to ensure that the final tools are user-friendly and widely adopted.

我们认为，气候健康工具的成功开发和推广需要数据、用户和政策的三重整合。首先，应整合不同的数据资源，以确保这些工具具有科学的稳健性和情境的相关性。其次，应让使用者参与开发过程，以确保最终工具易于使用并得到广泛采用。

Third, aligning digital health tools with public health and climate adaptation policies is necessary to increase their impact and ensure their sustainability..

第三，将数字健康工具与公共卫生和气候适应政策相结合，对于提升其影响力并确保可持续性是必要的。

This commentary focuses on the discussion of different domains, technical features, and requirements for successful development processes in the field of climate health. While we have provided three requirements for improving the usability and effectiveness of these tools, we acknowledge potential shortcomings of digital health technologies, especially in terms of outreach to most vulnerable population groups, including homeless people, informalized migrants, and members of remote and indigenous communities.

这篇评论聚焦于气候健康领域中不同领域、技术特点以及成功开发过程所需条件的讨论。虽然我们提出了改进这些工具可用性和有效性的三个要求，但我们承认数字健康技术可能存在不足之处，特别是在覆盖最脆弱人群方面，包括无家可归者、非正规移民以及偏远和土著社区成员。

5

5

,

， ```

15

15

. While the applications in question can distribute information, the effectiveness of digital tools eventually relies on individual parameters, importantly including users’ ability to act on the information provided. Contextual factors such as geographic isolation, socio-economic and language barriers, or low access to digital infrastructure affect the usage of these technologies by individuals and even may increase public health inequity.

虽然相关应用程序可以分发信息，但数字工具的有效性最终依赖于个体参数，其中重要的是用户对所提供信息的行动能力。地理隔离、社会经济和语言障碍或数字基础设施接入率低等背景因素会影响个人对这些技术的使用，甚至可能加剧公共卫生的不平等。

As Lokmic-Tomkins et al..

正如Lokmic-Tomkins等人。

4

4

emphasize, despite the ever-increasing digital transformation of healthcare, health disparities are likely to persist when equitable access to digital health is not attained.

强调，尽管医疗保健的数字化转型不断加速，但如果无法实现数字健康的公平获取，健康差距可能会持续存在。

Further research is needed in several key areas of digital project development and use. One important avenue is the exploration of best practices for transdisciplinary collaboration for an efficient development process for climate health tools. Another is the systematization of specific target groups for effective methods for user-centered design methods to enhance the usability and adoption of these tools.

数字项目开发和使用的几个关键领域需要进一步研究。一个重要的方向是探索跨学科合作的最佳实践，以实现气候健康工具的高效开发流程。另一个方向是系统化特定目标群体，采用有效的用户中心设计方法来提高这些工具的可用性和采纳率。

This, importantly, requires an in-depth understanding of barriers for uptake and usability, especially with remote, marginalized, and vulnerable population. Finally, we need to conduct research on the effective integration of digital health tools into public health policies, especially in environments that are socially diverse and feature rapidly changing environmental conditions..

这一点很重要，需要深入理解吸收和可用性的障碍，特别是对于偏远、边缘化和脆弱人群。最后，我们需要研究如何有效地将数字健康工具整合到公共卫生政策中，特别是在社会多元化且环境条件变化迅速的环境中。

Data availability

数据可用性

The data underlying this Comment, especially the compiled list of best practice cases (=the minimum dataset), will be made available upon request.

本文所依据的数据，尤其是最佳实践案例的汇编列表（=最低数据集），将根据要求提供。

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Acknowledgements

致谢

We acknowledge Ms Cordula Mann for producing Figure 1 as well as Ms Stephanie Bsaomaii and Ms Lucia Pfeil for supporting the international best practice case research. The empirical research underlying this Comment were undertaken as part of the project “HABITAT – Health Affected by Climate Change and Air Pollution”, funded by the Land Hesse, Germany under funding label LOEWE/2/519/03/09.001(0005)/99..

我们感谢科杜拉·曼女士制作了图1，同时感谢斯蒂芬妮·巴萨奥迈女士和露西亚·菲勒女士对国际最佳实践案例研究的支持。本评论所基于的实证研究是作为“栖息地——受气候变化和空气污染影响的健康”项目的一部分进行的，该项目由德国黑森州资助，资助编号为LOEWE/2/519/03/09.001(0005)/99。

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Department of Geography, Marburg University, Marburg, Germany

德国马尔堡大学地理系

Sören Becker & Razieh Rezabeigisani

索伦·贝克尔 & 拉齐赫·雷扎贝伊吉萨尼

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S.B. and R.R. have jointly worked in the conception and writing of this comment. The underlying empirical research was jointly conducted supervised by S.B. and R.R. S.B. was responsible for the final editing of the draft; R.R. in the final selection of references. S.B. and R.R. have read and approved the original and the revised manuscript..

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Becker, S., Rezabeigisani, R. The triple integration of data, users and policies required for successful climate health solutions.

贝克尔，S.，雷扎贝伊吉安尼，R. 成功的气候健康解决方案所需的三重数据、用户和政策整合。

npj Digit. Med.

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8

8

, 106 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-025-01502-8

，106（2025）。https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-025-01502-8

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23 September 2024

2024年9月23日

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07 February 2025

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17 February 2025

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数字对象标识符

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https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-025-01502-8

https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-025-01502-8

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