Colorectal cancer

结直肠癌

claims

主张

an estimated 53,000 lives per year, despite being treatable, especially in the early stages.

每年约有53,000人因此丧生，尽管这种病是可治疗的，尤其是在早期阶段。

Despite high survival rates among patients who regularly undergo screenings,

尽管定期接受筛查的患者存活率很高，

approximately

大约

38% of Americans older than 45 have not had a colonoscopy, despite 45 being the new recommended screening age.

45岁以上的美国人中有38%尚未进行结肠镜检查，尽管45岁是新的推荐筛查年龄。

In addition, CRC rates are on the rise among young patients. Early stage research has

此外，年轻患者中的CRC发病率正在上升。早期研究已经

found

发现

that colorectal cancer rates have risen between 45% and 500% for people too young for routine screenings.

50岁以下人群中，结直肠癌的发病率上升了45%到500%。

'Since we started colon cancer awareness month during the Clinton administration, we've seen a drop in CRC each year for 20-30 years overall; but the issue is we're seeing a rise in CRC among young patients,' Peter Senatore, MD, a colon and rectal surgeon at Inspira Health in Vineland, N.J., told

“自从我们在克林顿政府期间开始结肠癌宣传月以来，我们已经看到结直肠癌（CRC）每年总体下降了20到30年；但问题是我们看到年轻患者中的结直肠癌正在上升，”新泽西州文兰市Inspira Health的结肠和直肠外科医生彼得·塞纳托雷医学博士告诉

Becker's.

贝克的。

'For people over 55, rates are dropping about 1% a year. Unfortunately we're seeing a dramatic increase in the rates of colon cancer and death rates in people under 55. Patients all the way down to their 20s. That's the concerning thing.'

“对于55岁以上的人，发病率每年下降约1%。但不幸的是，我们看到55岁以下人群的结肠癌发病率和死亡率急剧上升，甚至出现在20多岁的患者身上。这是令人担忧的地方。”

Dr. Senatore has been a practicing colon and rectal specialist for more than 36 years, and in that time he has continued to witness more concerning gastrointestinal symptoms in younger patients.

塞纳托雷博士已经做了36多年的结肠和直肠专科医生，在这段时间里，他不断见证年轻患者出现更令人担忧的胃肠道症状。

'We are seeing a lot of people in the young age group, and the biggest issue that we've been trying to emphasize with primary care providers is don't take any symptoms lightly. In the past, someone in their 20s or 30s would present with some light rectal bleeding and we'd say, 'Oh don't worry, it's probably hemorrhoids.' Now, we never assume that,' he said.

“我们看到很多年轻人群体，我们一直试图向初级保健医生强调的最大问题是不要轻视任何症状。过去，二三十岁的人出现轻微的直肠出血，我们会说，‘哦，别担心，可能是痔疮。’但现在，我们绝不会这样假设，”他说。

'And I have seen people in the younger age groups where they just have minor complaints and we end up finding an early tumor. .

“我见过一些年轻人，他们只是有一些轻微的症状，结果我们发现了早期的肿瘤。

'We're not sure why we're seeing these growing numbers, this rise. A lot of it has to do with risk factors, and we see that risk factors are the same for colon cancer at any age. More sedentary lifestyle, higher obesity rates, smoking — a lot of these things seem to be risk factors, but we don't have a good handle on exactly why we're seeing a dramatic rise since 2014-2015.'.

“我们不确定为什么我们会看到这些不断增长的数字，这种上升。很大程度上与风险因素有关，我们发现任何年龄段的大肠癌风险因素都是相同的。更久坐的生活方式、更高的肥胖率、吸烟——很多这些因素似乎是风险因素，但对于自2014-2015年以来为什么会出现急剧上升，我们还没有完全搞清楚。”

A 2024

2024年

study

学习

found that in people 20 to 24 years old, GI cancer cases increased by 185% from 0.7 to 2 per 100,000 people between 1999 and 2000. For people older than 25, the increases were smaller, with those ages 40-44 seeing the smallest increase of 45% (from 15 cases per 100,000 people to about 21 per 100,000)..

发现在20至24岁的人群中，胃肠道癌症病例从1999年至2000年间每10万人中的0.7例增加到2例，增长了185%。对于25岁以上的人群，增幅较小，其中40至44岁年龄段的人群增幅最小，为45%（从每10万人中的15例增加到约21例）。

Around 26% of adults older than 45 do not have any plans to ever undergo a colonoscopy. Close to one-third (29%) of patients

大约26%的45岁以上成年人没有任何计划要进行结肠镜检查。近三分之一（29%）的患者

cited

引用

feeling fear or anxiety about the CRC screening process as a reason for not getting screened.

对结直肠癌筛查过程感到恐惧或焦虑是不进行筛查的原因。

'When I talk to people and give lectures, colon cancer is one of the most common cancers and is the second leading cause of cancer death, and it's still puzzling to me why it's that much of a problem we know the vast majority begins with beginning polyps and there's a significant lead time between finding a polyp and having cancer develop — like 10 years,' Dr.

“当我与人交谈并发表演讲时，结肠癌是最常见的癌症之一，并且是癌症死亡的第二大原因，仍然让我困惑的是，为什么这个问题如此严重。我们知道绝大多数结肠癌都是从息肉开始的，而且从发现息肉到发展成癌症之间有相当长的潜伏期——大约10年，”博士说道。

Senatore said. 'It should receive more attention, and the real reason is a lot of people aren't getting any type of screening. And now when you talk about rising rates in younger people, it's even more important to push people to get some screening and not ignore symptoms.'.

塞纳托雷说：“它应该受到更多的关注，真正的原因是很多人根本没有进行任何类型的筛查。现在当你谈到年轻人患病率上升时，推动人们进行筛查而不是忽视症状就显得更加重要了。”

There is a great deal of fear and anxiety for patients when it comes to the invasive nature of a colonoscopy. Around 20% of Americans said they are still putting off colonoscopies due to the preparation required leading up to the procedure.

对于结肠镜检查的侵入性，患者感到非常恐惧和焦虑。大约20%的美国人表示，由于检查前所需的准备工作，他们仍然在推迟结肠镜检查。

Recently, new blood and stool-based CRC tests have hit the market, giving patients less invasive screening options. While physicians emphasize that these options are not as accurate as traditional colonoscopy, most agree that getting some form of screening is better than none at all.

最近，新的基于血液和粪便的结直肠癌检测方法已经上市，为患者提供了较少侵入性的筛查选择。虽然医生强调这些选项不如传统的结肠镜检查准确，但大多数人认为进行某种形式的筛查总比完全不筛查要好。

'Obviously colonoscopy is the gold standard of screening, but any tool is important,' Dr. Senatore said. 'Doing something is important. The big test that's been coming down the pike is blood-based tests, which are basically looking for DNA from cancer cells in the blood, what we call circulating tumor DNA.

“显然，结肠镜检查是筛查的黄金标准，但任何工具都很重要，”塞纳托雷博士说。“采取行动很重要。即将到来的重大测试是基于血液的测试，其基本原理是从血液中的癌细胞里寻找DNA，我们称之为循环肿瘤DNA。”

That's something that has been around for a few years, and we're trying to use it in people that have had colon cancers. .

这项技术已经存在了几年，我们正在尝试将其应用于结肠癌患者。

'Now this test is being used as a screening tool. It's something that hasn't made its way into widespread use, but is very interesting and as more refinement of the blood test and parsing out DNA in the bloodstream occurs, it will make it a lot easier. A blood draw is something you can do with an annual physical and it's very easy.

“现在这项测试正在被用作筛查工具。它还没有得到广泛使用，但非常有趣。随着血液测试的进一步改进和对血液中DNA的解析，这将会变得容易得多。抽血检查可以在每年的体检中进行，而且非常方便。

It's harder to get people to come back for another test or send in stool. That testing will hopefully provide another layer of protection when it comes to catching CRC cases.'.

让人们回来再做一次测试或寄送粪便样本更难。这种检测有望在发现结直肠癌病例时提供另一层保护。

In addition to fear surrounding screenings, there is a lack of education. Dr. Senatore and Inspira Health are aiming to change that in New Jersey.

除了对筛查的恐惧之外，还缺乏教育。塞纳托雷博士和因斯皮拉健康中心正致力于在新泽西州改变这一现状。

Currently, around 79% of Americans do not know the

目前，大约 79% 的美国人不知道

recommended age

推荐年龄

to get a colonoscopy. In addition, only 9% of patients know how to identify the signs and symptoms of colorectal cancer.

去做结肠镜检查。此外，只有9%的患者知道如何识别结直肠癌的体征和症状。

Inspira Health has partnered with the New Jersey Cancer and Early Detection program, which is designed to provide patients below the poverty line free screenings for the four most common U.S. cancers.

Inspira Health与新泽西癌症和早期检测项目合作，该项目旨在为贫困线以下的患者提供美国四种最常见癌症的免费筛查。

'It provides cost-free screening for low income people, and we've been working with them with new stool tests, and anyone who comes back positive we get them in for a colonoscopy. I have been doing a lot of colonoscopies for these patients,' Dr. Senatore said. 'The NJCED program picks up costs of the procedure, so the state has done a great job reaching out to people who are financially strapped and trying to get healthcare.

“它为低收入人群提供免费筛查，我们一直在与他们合作进行新的粪便检测，任何检测结果呈阳性的人都会接受结肠镜检查。我为这些患者做了很多结肠镜检查，”塞纳托尔博士说。“NJCED项目承担了该程序的费用，因此该州在接触那些经济拮据并试图获得医疗保健的人方面做得非常出色。”

It's still tough to get these people in the door, but the program is there and Inspira works hard to get people qualified and in and screened.'.

要让这些人进门仍然很难，但该项目确实存在，Inspira也努力让人们获得资格、进入并接受筛查。

Inspira also previously partnered with the American Cancer Society for a project, attempting to get 80% of patients in the at-risk age group screened. While the system fell short of that goal at the time, Inspira is still pushing toward that mark.

Inspira此前还曾与美国癌症协会合作开展项目，试图让80%的高危年龄组患者接受筛查。尽管该系统当时未能达到目标，Inspira仍在朝着这一目标努力。

'The main thing is getting people some screening of any kind. It's been a hard sell, which is strange considering the statistics,' Dr. Senatore said. 'We know this cancer is completely preventable if we do screening and catch it, but it's hard to understand why people aren't. Some might be economic, some might be education.

“主要的问题是让人们接受某种筛查。这一直是个艰难的任务，考虑到统计数据，这很奇怪，”塞纳托雷博士说。“我们知道，如果进行筛查并及时发现，这种癌症完全可以预防，但很难理解为什么人们不这样做。有些可能是经济原因，有些可能是教育原因。”

We've been working with the state, with the NJCED program, trying to do what we can.' .

我们一直在与州政府合作，参与NJCED项目，尽力而为。