Vaccine advisers to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, who met Tuesday for the first time since Robert F. Kennedy Jr. became U.S. health secretary, are considering making changes to the country’s COVID-19 shot guidelines.

疾病控制与预防中心的疫苗顾问们在罗伯特·肯尼迪二世成为美国卫生部长后，于周二首次召开会议，正在考虑对美国的新冠疫苗接种指南进行修改。

Committee members

委员会成员

weighed whether to maintain

权衡是否维持

the current universal recommendation for everyone six months of age or older, switch to a narrower, risk-based approach or take some combination of the two polices. Tuesday’s discussion, which was postponed from February, laid the groundwork for the advisers to vote on any changes at their next meeting in late June..

当前的普遍建议是，所有六个月及以上年龄的人群，转向更具体的基于风险的方法，或采取两种政策的某种组合。周二的讨论原定于二月举行，但被推迟了，这次讨论为顾问们在六月下旬的下次会议上投票决定任何变更奠定了基础。

The CDC does not have to follow the advice of its committees, but usually does.

疾病控制与预防中心不必遵循其委员会的建议，但通常会遵循。

When polled about tweaking COVID guidelines in April, a majority of the panel

当被询问关于四月份调整COVID指南时，大多数专家小组成员

supported

支持的

non-universal recommendations. However, some advisers expressed concerns Tuesday about narrowing the guidance ahead of the fall-to-winter season.

非普遍性建议。然而，一些顾问在周二表达了对秋冬季节前缩小指导范围的担忧。

“Even though I'm very much in favor of considering a risk-based [recommendation], I am concerned about the feasibility of it and the message it might be sending,” said Jamie Loehr, a family physician and panel member. “COVID is still a fairly dangerous disease and very, very common. We're not talking about 10 cases of mpox.

“尽管我非常支持考虑基于风险的[建议]，但我对其可行性和可能传达的信息感到担忧，”家庭医生兼小组成员杰米·洛尔说。“新冠肺炎仍然是一种相当危险且非常、非常普遍的疾病。我们不是在谈论10例猴痘病例。”

We're talking about thousands of hospitalizations and deaths.”.

我们谈论的是成千上万的住院和死亡。

COVID hospitalizations and deaths have

COVID住院和死亡人数

declined

拒绝

in the U.S., falling down the list of leading causes of death among children and adults, according to data presented Tuesday. Yet older adults with underlying conditions or who did not receive a vaccine still remain at higher risk of hospitalization.

在美国，根据周二发布的数据，跌落儿童和成人主要死亡原因的列表。然而，有基础疾病的老年人或未接种疫苗的人仍然面临较高的住院风险。

“I'm surprised we're considering a risk-based recommendation,” said Denise Jamieson, professor of obstetrics and gynecology at the University of Iowa and a panelist. Jamieson noted how a narrower recommendation could affect vaccine coverage.

“我惊讶于我们正在考虑基于风险的建议，”艾奥瓦大学妇产科教授、专家组成员丹尼斯·贾米森说道。贾米森指出，更狭窄的建议可能会如何影响疫苗覆盖率。

About 74% of U.S. adults are considered at risk, though, so a narrower policy could still apply to a majority of the population.

然而，大约74%的美国成年人被认为面临风险，因此更精确的政策仍可能适用于大多数人口。

Tuesday’s meeting took place amid scrutiny of Kennedy’s plans for U.S. vaccine policy. A long-time skeptic of vaccination, Kennedy has

周二的会议在对肯尼迪关于美国疫苗政策计划的审查中举行。作为一名长期的疫苗怀疑论者，肯尼迪

downplayed

淡化处理

the current measles outbreak in West Texas— another topic of discussion at the meeting.

德克萨斯州西部当前的麻疹疫情——会议上讨论的另一个话题。

Cases of measles across the U.S. have

美国各地的麻疹病例

exceeded 700

超过700

. David Sugerman, a senior scientist on the CDC’s measles response team, said cases are likely under-reported. Two unvaccinated children and one unvaccinated adult have died. Of the cases reported so far,

CDC麻疹应对团队的资深科学家大卫·苏格曼表示，病例可能被低估。两名未接种疫苗的儿童和一名未接种疫苗的成人死亡。在目前已报告的病例中，

97%

97%

were in individuals who were either unvaccinated, or whose vaccination status was unknown.

这些病例发生在未接种疫苗或疫苗接种状态未知的个体中。

Helen Keipp Talbot, chair of CDC committee, said she found the conversation “devastating.”

CDC委员会主席海伦·基普·塔尔博特表示，她发现这场对话“令人震惊”。

“There's no reason why we have healthy children dying of measles in the U.S. when this [measles, mumps and rubella] vaccine is amazing,” Talbot said.

“麻疹、腮腺炎和风疹疫苗如此有效，美国却仍有健康儿童死于麻疹，这完全没有理由，”塔尔博特说。

Sugerman added that requests for resources are coming in from several states, but the CDC is under strain following staff cuts and

苏格曼补充说，几个州正在请求资源，但疾病控制中心在人员削减后正面临压力，

pulled funding

撤资

.

。

“I think that we are scraping to find the resources and personnel needed to provide support to Texas and other jurisdictions,” Sugerman said.

“我认为我们正在竭力寻找为德克萨斯州和其他司法管辖区提供支持所需的资源和人员，”苏格曼说。

While Kennedy has made some

肯尼迪已经做出了一些

comments in support of measles vaccination

支持麻疹疫苗接种的评论

, he has also talked up fringe treatment ideas and held back from directly urging parents to vaccinate their children.

，他还吹捧了边缘化的治疗理念，并且没有直接敦促父母给他们的孩子接种疫苗。

His actions as Health and Human Services Secretary have also raised questions about his broader plans. Two federal vaccine meetings, including Tuesday’s, have been disrupted since he was sworn in, and he reportedly has weighed whether to

他担任卫生与公众服务部部长期间的行动也引发了人们对他更广泛计划的质疑。自从他上任以来，包括周二的会议在内，两次联邦疫苗会议遭到干扰，并且据报道他还在权衡是否要

remove certain members

移除某些成员

of the advisory panels.

咨询小组的。

Earlier this month, the Food and Drug Administration

本月初，食品和药物管理局

missed its deadline

错过了最后期限

to decide on approval of Novavax’s COVID shot. Reports indicated new senior leaders intervened in the review.

决定是否批准诺瓦瓦克斯的新冠疫苗。报告显示，新的高层领导人介入了审查。

“I don't know to what extent I'm allowed to give an update on that, but there will be an update coming up publicly very soon,” said Tracy Beth Høeg, a special assistant to FDA commissioner Marty Makary, when asked about the application by a committee member.

“我不知道我可以在多大程度上提供有关此问题的更新，但很快就会有公开的更新，”FDA专员马蒂·马卡里特别助理特雷西·贝丝·赫格在被问及委员会成员的申请时说道。

Kennedy has

肯尼迪有

falsely said

假话说

that single antigen vaccines, like Novavax’s, “have never worked.” A number of approved vaccines, including for respiratory syncytial virus, influenza and COVID, target a single antigen.

像诺瓦瓦克斯这样的单一抗原疫苗“从未奏效”。许多获批的疫苗，包括针对呼吸道合胞病毒、流感和新冠病毒的疫苗，都针对单一抗原。