THURSDAY, April 17, 2025 -- Both glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) and sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) are associated with a reduced risk for Alzheimer disease and related dementias (ADRDs) among people with type 2 diabetes (T2D), according to a study published online April 7 in .

2025年4月17日，星期四——一项研究显示，胰高血糖素样肽-1受体激动剂（GLP-1 RAs）和钠-葡萄糖共转运蛋白2抑制剂（SGLT2is）均与2型糖尿病（T2D）患者阿尔茨海默病及相关痴呆（ADRDs）风险降低有关，该研究于4月7日在线发表。

JAMA Neurology

JAMA神经病学

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Huilin Tang, Ph.D., from the University of Florida College of Pharmacy in Gainesville, and colleagues examined the risk for ADRDs associated with GLP-1 RAs and SGLT2is in people with T2D in a target trial emulation study using electronic health record data. There were 396,963 eligible patients with T2D, of whom 33,858 were included in the GLP-1 RA versus the other glucose-lowering drug (GLD) cohort; 34,185 in the SGLT2i versus the other GLD cohort; and 24,117 in the GLP-1 RA versus SGLT2i cohort..

来自盖恩斯维尔佛罗里达大学药学院的唐慧琳博士及其同事，利用电子健康记录数据进行了一项目标试验模拟研究，评估了2型糖尿病（T2D）患者中与GLP-1受体激动剂（GLP-1 RA）和SGLT2抑制剂（SGLT2i）相关的阿尔茨海默病及其他痴呆症（ADRDs）风险。研究纳入了396,963名符合条件的2型糖尿病患者，其中33,858名被分配到GLP-1 RA对比其他降糖药（GLD）队列，34,185名被分配到SGLT2i对比其他GLD队列，24,117名被分配到GLP-1 RA对比SGLT2i队列。

The researchers found that in inverse probability of treatment weighting-weighted cohorts, the incidence rate of ADRD was lower in GLP-1 RA initiators versus other GLD initiators and in SGLT2i initiators versus other GLD initiators, yielding hazard ratios of 0.67 and 0.57, respectively. No significant difference was seen between GLP-1 RAs and SGLT2is..

研究人员发现，在治疗权重的逆概率加权队列中，GLP-1 RA 初始使用者相对于其他 GLD 初始使用者以及 SGLT2i 初始使用者相对于其他 GLD 初始使用者的 ADRD 发生率较低，风险比分别为 0.67 和 0.57。GLP-1 RAs 和 SGLT2is 之间未见显著差异。

'These results support the potential neuroprotections of GLP-1 RAs and SGLT2is and highlight their possible role in ADRD prevention strategies. The comparable association between GLP-1 RAs and SGLT2is provides flexibility in treatment choices while potentially offering cognitive benefits,' the authors write..

“这些结果支持了GLP-1受体激动剂和SGLT2抑制剂潜在的神经保护作用，并突显了它们在ADRD预防策略中的可能角色。GLP-1受体激动剂和SGLT2抑制剂之间关联性的相似性为治疗选择提供了灵活性，同时可能带来认知方面的益处，”作者写道。

Several authors disclosed ties to the pharmaceutical and medical technology industries.

一些作者透露了与制药和医疗技术行业的联系。

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