May 19, 2025 – COVID-19 vaccines are making headlines, as government officials appear poised to scale

2025年5月19日——随着政府官员似乎准备扩大规模，COVID-19疫苗成为头条新闻。

back

背部

recommendations and the FDA approved the Novavax vaccine with new limitations.

建议和美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）批准了带有新限制的诺瓦瓦克斯疫苗。

Here's what infectious disease

以下是传染病的

doctors

医生

are saying and how any of this could affect you.

正在说什么，以及这如何影响到你。

1.

1.

Your yearly COVID booster recommendation may change.

您的年度新冠加强针建议可能会有所变化。

A weekend

周末

FDA approval

FDA批准

of the COVID vaccine Novavax, and some behind-the-scenes signals from Washington last week, suggest that the government may stop recommending annual fall COVID shots for some people, including

诺瓦瓦克斯新冠疫苗，以及华盛顿上周传出的一些幕后信号表明，政府可能不再建议部分人群每年秋季接种新冠疫苗，包括

children

孩子们

.

。

Novavax, used under emergency authorization since 2022, now has full approval for adults 65 and older and high-risk people ages 12 and up. The approval came after

诺瓦瓦克斯疫苗自2022年起在紧急授权下使用，现在已获得对65岁及以上成年人和12岁及以上高风险人群的全面批准。该批准是在

TheWall Street Journal

华尔街日报

reported on Thursday that the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services plans to stop recommending routine COVID shots for pregnant people and children, citing people familiar with the matter.

周四报道，美国卫生与公众服务部计划停止建议孕妇和儿童常规接种新冠疫苗，理由是熟悉此事的人士透露。

'Even if they go that route – and I don't know that they will – but even if they do, there will always be a proviso that says any parent who wishes their child to be protected against COVID can receive the vaccine,' said William Schaffner, MD, a professor of preventive medicine and infectious diseases at Vanderbilt University School of Medicine. .

“即使他们选择这条路线——我不知道他们是否会这样做——但即使他们这样做，也总会有个前提条件，即任何希望自己的孩子得到新冠保护的家长都可以让孩子接种疫苗，”范德比尔特大学医学院预防医学和传染病学教授威廉·沙夫纳医学博士说。

Scientists have debated whether to keep recommending the vaccine for everyone. In September, the World Health Organization said that healthy adults and children with at least one vaccination dose

科学家们一直在争论是否继续建议所有人接种疫苗。九月，世界卫生组织表示，身体健康且至少接种过一剂疫苗的成年人和儿童

no longer needed routine revaccination

不再需要常规的重新接种疫苗

.

。

If guidelines change, insurers could drop coverage for those no longer recommended, though they may choose to continue it.

如果指南发生变化，保险公司可能会停止对那些不再推荐的人提供 coverage，尽管他们可能选择继续。

A meeting of independent advisers to the CDC in June will likely be the next clue about what's ahead.

6月份CDC独立顾问的会议可能会提供关于接下来情况的下一个线索。

2. Chances are you need a COVID shot now, anyway.

2. 无论如何，你可能现在就需要接种新冠疫苗。

Another summer COVID surge is predicted. Last year, positive COVID tests skyrocketed starting in mid-May, peaking at nearly 18% in August. That's the second highest weekly test positivity rate

预计今年夏天新冠病例将再次激增。去年，从五月中旬开始，新冠检测阳性率飙升，在八月份达到近18%的峰值。这是第二高的周检测阳性率。

on record at the CDC

在CDC有记录

.

。

'We all know about the winter surge, but there's also a summer surge, which can be just as high,' said Schaffner. 'There are standing recommendations from the CDC's Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices that people who are at high risk should actually receive two doses a year.'

“我们都知道冬季流感会激增，但夏季也会激增，而且可能同样严重，”沙夫纳说。“美国疾病控制与预防中心免疫实践咨询委员会有现成的建议，即高风险人群实际上应该每年接种两剂疫苗。”

If you're 65 or older or you have a chronic medical condition, you 'should think seriously about getting a COVID vaccine now and then another one in the fall,' Schaffner said. The

如果你年满65岁或以上，或者你有慢性健康问题，你应该认真考虑现在接种新冠疫苗，然后在秋季再接种一剂，”沙夫纳说。

CDC list

疾控中心列表

of chronic medical conditions includes:

慢性病的列表包括：

Diabetes

糖尿病

Lung conditions

肺部疾病

Liver disease

肝病

Kidney disease

肾脏疾病

Obesity

肥胖症

Heart disease

心脏病

Mental health problems

心理健康问题

Cancer

癌症

Worth noting: The list of conditions warranting twice-yearly COVID shots is so broad that much of the U.S. population qualifies – and would likely continue to qualify even if vaccine guidance changes.

值得注意的是：需要每年接种两次新冠疫苗的条件清单非常广泛，以至于美国大部分人口都符合条件——并且即使疫苗指导方针发生变化，他们可能仍然会符合条件。

'All those persons, should they become infected with COVID, have a greater likelihood of developing more serious illness. And by serious, we mean requiring hospitalization,' Schaffner said.

“所有这些人，如果他们感染了新冠肺炎，病情加重的可能性更大。病情严重意味着需要住院治疗，”沙夫纳说。

At the height of last summer's COVID surge, there were more than 1,300 weekly deaths.

在去年夏天疫情激增的高峰期，每周有超过1300人死亡。

3.

3.

If you're pregnant, you should consider a COVID shot now, too.

如果你怀孕了，现在你也应该考虑接种新冠疫苗。

'My crystal ball is cloudy, I can't anticipate how my colleagues will vote, but I suspect that the recommendation will continue' for pregnant people, Schaffner said.

“我的水晶球很模糊，我无法预测我的同事会如何投票，但我怀疑该建议将继续适用于孕妇，”沙夫纳说。

That's because babies from newborn to 6 months old are among those most often hospitalized for severe COVID. COVID vaccination during

这是因为从新生儿到6个月大的婴儿是因严重COVID而最常住院的人群之一。在

pregnancy

怀孕

cuts hospitalization risk by

降低住院风险

52%

52%

.

。

When a pregnant person gets vaccinated, antibodies travel through the

当孕妇接种疫苗时，抗体会通过

placenta

胎盘

and are passed to the fetus, protecting the newborn during the first critical months of life.

并传递给胎儿，保护新生儿在生命最初的几个月的关键时期。

Pregnant people are also at high risk of severe COVID, 'which can make them more susceptible to pregnancy complications and even death,' said Christopher Zahn, MD, chief of clinical practice for the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. 'Vaccination remains the best way for them to protect themselves and their pregnancy.'.

孕妇感染严重COVID的风险也很高，“这会使她们更容易出现妊娠并发症，甚至死亡，”美国妇产科医师学会临床实践主任克里斯托弗·扎恩医学博士说。“接种疫苗仍然是她们保护自己和妊娠的最佳方式。”