FRIDAY, May 30, 2025 — Dr. Robert Jarvik, the man behind the world’s first permanent artificial heart used in a human, has died.

2025年5月30日，星期五——罗伯特·贾维克博士，世界上首例永久性人工心脏的发明者，已经去世。

He was 79,

他79岁，

The New York Times

纽约时报

reported.

已报告。

His wife, writer Marilyn vos Savant, said he died Monday at their home in Manhattan due to complications from Parkinson’s disease.

他的妻子，作家玛丽莲·沃斯·萨万特表示，他周一因帕金森病并发症在曼哈顿的家中去世。

Jarvik

Jarvik

is best known for designing the Jarvik-7, an artificial heart made of plastic and aluminum. It was implanted in Barney Clark, a 61-year-old retired dentist, on Dec. 2, 1982, at the University of Utah. The surgery was led by Dr. William C. DeVries.

最著名的设计是贾维克-7，一种由塑料和铝制成的人工心脏。它于1982年12月2日在犹他大学被植入61岁的退休牙医巴尼·克拉克体内。手术由威廉·C·德弗里斯博士领导进行。

Clark had severe heart disease and was weeks from death. He agreed to the risky surgery, hoping it might help others even if it didn’t save him.

克拉克患有严重的心脏病，离死亡只有几周的时间。他同意进行这项风险极高的手术，希望即使手术无法挽救他的生命，也可能帮助其他人。

During the seven-hour procedure, his heart muscle tore easily due to years of steroid treatment. After waking up, Jarvik told his wife, “Even though I have no heart, I still love you.”

在长达七小时的手术过程中，由于多年使用类固醇治疗，他的心肌很容易撕裂。贾维克醒来后告诉他的妻子：“即使我没有心脏，我仍然爱你。”

Clark lived 112 days with the artificial heart, which was powered by a 400-pound air compressor. Though he never left the hospital, his case showed that humans could survive with a machine doing the heart’s work.

克拉克依靠一台400磅重的空气压缩机驱动的人工心脏存活了112天。尽管他从未离开医院，但他的案例表明人类可以依靠机器完成心脏的工作而生存。

However, he suffered many complications, including seizures and kidney failure. Clark died from an infection on March 23, 1983.

然而，他出现了许多并发症，包括癫痫发作和肾衰竭。克拉克于 1983 年 3 月 23 日因感染去世。

Other early patients lived longer — William Schroeder survived 620 days, and Murray Haydon lived 488 days,

其他早期患者存活时间更长——威廉·施罗德存活了620天，穆雷·海登活了488天，

The Times

泰晤士报

reported. Still,

据报道。不过，

strokes

笔画

and other side effects raised questions about quality of life.

和其他副作用引发了对生活质量的质疑。

The Jarvik-7 became a major topic of public interest. Some called it a medical breakthrough, while others raised ethical concerns about trying to replace the human heart.

贾维克-7型人工心脏成为公众关注的主要话题。有人称其为医学突破，也有人对试图取代人类心脏提出了伦理方面的担忧。

By the mid-1980s, doctors and theologians were debating whether artificial hearts were helping patients or just extending suffering,

到20世纪80年代中期，医生和神学家们正在辩论人工心脏究竟是在帮助患者还是仅仅在延长痛苦。

The Times

泰晤士报

said.

说。

Eventually, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) stopped approving the Jarvik-7 in 1990 amid quality control concerns.

最终，美国食品药品监督管理局 (FDA) 于1990年因质量控制问题停止批准 Jarvik-7。

In a 1989 interview, Jarvik admitted he may have pushed too hard for widespread use of the device, calling it “probably the biggest mistake I have ever made.” But he stood by his work, saying “these were people who I view as having had their lives prolonged,” adding that they had survived as many as nine months when some had been expected to live “no more than a week.”.

在 1989 年的一次采访中，贾维克承认他可能过于努力推动该设备的广泛使用，称其为“可能是我犯过的最大错误”。但他坚持自己的工作，说“这些人在我看来是生命得到了延长”，并补充说他们存活了长达九个月，而有些人预计他们只能活“不超过一周”。

“I don’t think that kind of thing makes a person in medicine want to stop,” Jarvik said. “It just makes you all the more interested in working it through so it can be better.”

“我认为那种事情不会让一个从事医学的人想要停下来，”贾维克说。“它只会让你更加有兴趣去解决它，使它变得更好。”

Robert Jarvik was born May 11, 1946, in Michigan and raised in Connecticut. His father was a family doctor.

罗伯特·贾维克于1946年5月11日出生在密歇根州，在康涅狄格州长大。他的父亲是一名家庭医生。

Jarvik started college studying architecture at Syracuse University but turned to medicine after his father survived an aortic aneurysm.

贾维克最初在锡拉丘兹大学学习建筑学，但在他父亲经历了一次主动脉瘤手术后，他转向了医学领域。

He later earned degrees in zoology and biomechanics, and received his medical degree from the University of Utah in 1976,

他后来获得了动物学和生物力学的学位，并于1976年在犹他大学获得了医学学位，

The Times

时代周刊

reported.

据报道。

“I knew that my father was going to die of heart disease, and I was trying to make a heart for him,” Robert Jarvik once said. “I was too late.”

“我知道我的父亲会死于心脏病，我一直在努力为他制造一颗心脏，”罗伯特·贾维克曾说，“但我还是太晚了。”

Instead of practicing medicine, he focused on designing artificial hearts. One of his early models kept a cow alive for 268 days.

他没有行医，而是专注于设计人工心脏。他的一个早期模型让一头牛存活了268天。

In 1985, Jarvik married writer Marilyn vos Savant, who was once listed in Guinness World Records as having the highest recorded IQ. He had two children from a previous marriage and is also survived by grandchildren and siblings.

1985年，贾维克与作家玛丽莲·沃斯·萨万特结婚，玛丽莲曾被吉尼斯世界纪录列为拥有最高记录智商的人。他前一段婚姻中有两个孩子，也留下了孙辈和兄弟姐妹。

In later years, Jarvik helped create smaller heart devices called ventricular assist devices, including the Jarvik 2000, about the size of a C battery, and a pediatric version, the Jarvik 2015, which is even smaller — about the size of an AA battery.

近年来，贾维克帮助制造了更小的心脏装置，称为心室辅助装置，包括 Jarvik 2000，大约一节 C 型电池大小，以及更小的儿童版 Jarvik 2015——大约一节 AA 电池大小。

Although the original Jarvik-7 was eventually replaced, newer versions like the

虽然原来的 Jarvik-7 最终被替换，但像新型号如

SynCardia Total Artificial Heart

SynCardia全人工心脏

have been implanted in more than 1,700 people worldwide, mostly as a temporary solution while waiting for a transplant.

已在全球范围内植入超过1700人，主要是作为等待移植期间的临时解决方案。

Jarvik received a lifetime achievement award in 2018.

Jarvik在2018年获得了终身成就奖。

“He had an agile mind,”

“他头脑敏捷，”

Dr. O.H. Frazier

奥.H.弗雷泽博士

, an innovator in heart surgery in Houston, told

，休斯顿心脏手术的创新者，告诉

The Times

时代周刊

, “and made a great contribution to the care of heart-failure patients.”

“, 并为心力衰竭患者的护理做出了巨大贡献。”

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