NEW YORK – For more than 10 years, Mike Snyder, the former chair of genetics at Stanford University School of Medicine, has been running an annual summer program for students from underrepresented groups, and before that, a similar program at Yale University.

纽约——迈克·斯奈德（Mike Snyder）曾是斯坦福大学医学院的遗传学系主任，十多年来他一直为来自代表性不足群体的学生举办年度暑期项目，在此之前，他还在耶鲁大学举办过类似的项目。

Funded by the National Human Genome Research Institute, the Stanford Genomics Diversity Summer Program (GDSP) had brought about 10 talented undergraduate students with an interest in pursuing a PhD and a career in science to labs in Stanford's genetics department. 'For most of them, it was their first chance of research experience,' Snyder said..

由美国国家人类基因组研究所资助的斯坦福基因组多样性暑期项目（GDSP）将约10名有志攻读博士学位并从事科学事业的优秀本科生带到了斯坦福大学遗传学系的实验室。斯奈德说：“对大多数人来说，这是他们第一次获得研究经验。”

But in March of this year, the NHGRI grant that had been funding the program was terminated. It was just one of

但是今年三月，为该项目提供资金的NHGRI拨款被终止了。这只是其中的一个。

thousands of NIH grants

数千项美国国立卫生研究院拨款

that have been canceled, frozen, or delayed so far

目前为止已经被取消、冻结或推迟的

this year

今年

, in part because they no longer align with the Trump administration's research priorities. Stanford's program had been highly successful, according to Snyder, as most students who went through it ended up embarking on STEM careers. 'It was kind of a shame to lose that,' he said.

，部分原因是因为它们不再符合特朗普政府的研究重点。据斯奈德称，斯坦福大学的这一项目曾非常成功，因为大多数参加该项目的学生最终都走上了STEM（科学、技术、工程和数学）职业道路。他说：“失去这个项目是一种遗憾。”

Cuts to NIH funding have also included grants at elite research institutions like Harvard and Columbia University that have been accused by the government of antisemitism on their campuses. Snyder lost additional funding that way, being a subcontractor on two terminated grants that had Harvard researchers as principal investigators.

美国国家卫生研究院的预算削减还涉及哈佛大学和哥伦比亚大学等精英研究机构的拨款，这些机构被政府指控在其校园内存在反犹太主义。斯奈德也因此失去了额外的资金支持，他曾作为两个被终止的哈佛大学研究人员主导项目的分包商。

One of those grants was going to study the effects of environmental exposures from wildfires, which Snyder had thought was relevant to the research priorities of Secretary of Health and Human Services Robert F. Kennedy Jr., 'so that was surprising,' he said..

其中一项拨款将用于研究野火引发的环境暴露的影响，斯奈德曾认为这与卫生与公众服务部长小罗伯特·F·肯尼迪的研究重点相关，“所以这令人惊讶，”他说道。

Planned funding cuts for next year's NIH budget are also looming large. While the US Senate still needs to weigh in on the agency's fiscal 2026 budget, and has traditionally stayed away from major cuts, the Trump Administration's

明年 NIH 预算计划中的资金削减也迫在眉睫。虽然美国参议院仍需对 2026 财年预算发表意见，并且传统上避免重大削减，但特朗普政府的

proposed budget

拟议预算

for the US Department of Health and Human Services calls for an

美国卫生与公众服务部呼吁采取一项措施

almost 40 percent

几乎百分之四十

cut

剪切

to NIH funding

美国国立卫生研究院资助

, to about $27.5 billion from $44.5 billion in fiscal year 2025, amidst a reorganization that would consolidate the agency's existing 19 institutes and centers into eight. Under the new structure, NHGRI, which has helped fund countless genomics projects, would be folded into the National Institute of General Medical Sciences.

，从 2025 财政年度的 445 亿美元削减至约 275 亿美元，与此同时将进行一项重组，把该机构现有的 19 个研究所和中心合并为八个。在新的架构下，曾为无数基因组学项目提供资助的国家人类基因组研究所将并入国家普通医学科学研究所。

.

。

'The proposed 40 percent cut in the NIH budget is gargantuan,' said Ed Liu, the former president and CEO of the Jackson Laboratory, who was also the founding executive director of the Genome Institute of Singapore. 'I don't think there's an advanced country that has had this kind of cut in their biomedical research in my lifetime that I know of.'.

“美国国立卫生研究院预算削减40%的提案太过夸张，”杰克逊实验室前总裁兼首席执行官、新加坡基因组研究所创始执行董事刘德（Ed Liu）表示，“在我的认知中，我这一生里没有一个发达国家有过这种程度的生物医学研究经费削减。”

The proposal also calls for capping indirect costs, which pay for shared infrastructure and resources at an institution, to 15 percent, well below current levels. NIH tried to make similar cuts this fiscal year already, but a judge for the US District Court for the District of Massachusetts recently prohibited the agency from implementing them, .

该提案还要求将间接成本（用于支付机构共享基础设施和资源的费用）限制在15％，远低于当前水平。美国国立卫生研究院（NIH）今年已经试图进行类似的削减，但马萨诸塞州地区美国地方法院的一名法官最近禁止该机构实施这些削减措施。

issuing a

发出一个

permanent injunction

永久禁令

.

。

To get a better sense of how US researchers have been affected by changes to the NIH funding landscape this year, as well as their outlook for the future, GenomeWeb conducted a survey of a subset of subscribers to

为了更好地了解美国研究人员今年如何受到 NIH 资助环境变化的影响，以及他们对未来的展望，GenomeWeb 对其部分订阅者进行了调查。

GenomeWeb

基因组网

,

，

360Dx

360Dx

, and

，以及

Precision Medicine Online

精准医学在线

.

。

The results indicate that researchers have been thrown into turmoil. Not only has the majority of respondents been affected by NIH funding cuts or delays — which have resulted in hiring freezes, layoffs, and unanswered research questions — but many researchers are also deeply pessimistic about the future of US biomedical research.

结果表明，研究人员陷入了一片混乱。不仅大多数受访者受到美国国立卫生研究院 (NIH) 资金削减或延迟的影响（这导致了招聘冻结、裁员和未解决的研究问题），而且许多研究人员对美国生物医学研究的未来也深感悲观。

Further funding cuts will diminish opportunities for emerging and established scientists, they said, which could leave the US behind in its global competition with other countries, in particular China..

他们说，进一步的资金削减将会减少新兴和成熟科学家的机会，这可能会使美国在全球与其它国家特别是中国的竞争中处于落后地位。

Delays, terminations, freezes

延迟、终止、冻结

The survey ran for two weeks, from June 23 until July 6, and was emailed to subscribers who had registered as academic, non-profit, government, or core labs as well as anyone with a scientist, researcher, or principal investigator role. It was open to US-based principal investigators and core lab directors..

这项调查为期两周，从6月23日至7月6日，通过电子邮件发送给了注册为学术、非营利、政府或核心实验室的订阅者，以及任何担任科学家、研究员或主要研究者角色的人。调查面向美国的主要研究者和核心实验室主任开放。

Only about a fifth of respondents said they had not been touched by changes to NIH funding this year. Among those who were affected, the biggest impact came from delays in the funding process. Twenty-three percent said their study section was postponed, so their grant application has not been reviewed yet, and 22 percent stated that their application has been reviewed and scored but that they have not received a funding decision yet.

只有约五分之一的受访者表示，他们今年没有受到美国国立卫生研究院（NIH）资助变化的影响。在那些受到影响的人中，最大的影响来自于资助过程的延迟。23%的人表示他们的评审组被推迟了，因此他们的资助申请尚未得到评审，22%的人表示他们的申请已经过评审并打分，但尚未收到资助决定。

One researcher wrote that their grants 'scored very, very high, but the entire grant process has not moved forward,' while another said their grant was approved for funding but that payment was delayed..

一位研究人员写道，他们的拨款“得分非常高，但整个拨款过程没有取得进展”，而另一位研究人员则表示，他们的拨款已获批资助，但付款被推迟了。

A few researchers noted that their non-competitive renewal of an existing, multi-year grant was delayed, while another one said a request for application (RFA) for a program they wanted to apply to was not released on time.

一些研究人员指出，他们现有的多年期拨款的非竞争性续期被延迟，而另一位研究人员则表示，他们希望申请的项目的申请请求（RFA）没有按时发布。

For some researchers, these delays have caused funding gaps, so they had to scramble to find alternatives to pay their employees or trainees.

一些研究人员因为这些延误而出现了资金缺口，因此他们不得不匆忙寻找替代方案来支付员工或学员的费用。

One respondent said the review of their grant submission came in so late they missed a window for resubmitting the application.

一名受访者表示，对他们资助申请的审查来得如此之晚，以至于他们错过了重新提交申请的机会。

Besides delays of new grants, participants had their existing grants affected. Eighteen percent said they had a funded NIH grant terminated, 14 percent had their grant reduced in size, and 12 percent had grant funding frozen.

除了新拨款的延迟，参与者们现有的拨款也受到了影响。百分之十八的人表示他们已获得资助的NIH拨款被终止，百分之十四的人的拨款金额被减少，百分之十二的人的拨款资金被冻结。

Size reductions had different reasons. According to one researcher, DOGE (the Department of Government Efficiency) reduced certain support functions of their grant, terminating a third-party contract that was worth about $30,000 per year for three years.

规模缩减的原因各不相同。根据一位研究人员的说法，DOGE（政府效率部）削减了其资助的某些支持功能，终止了一份为期三年、每年价值约30,000美元的第三方合同。

Some were able to avert cuts to their existing grants by making tweaks to them. One respondent said they had to revise the scope of their grant 'to be in line with recent executive orders', allowing them to retain the award, while another had to alter the specific aims on their progress report for the grant to be renewed.

一些人通过调整现有拨款项目，避免了削减。一名受访者表示，他们不得不修改拨款范围，“以符合最近的行政命令”，从而保留了该奖项；而另一名受访者则必须更改进展报告中的具体目标，以便拨款得以续期。

.

。

A few researchers noted that their carryover requests — permission to transfer money saved from one year to the next — were not granted, which had never been a problem before.

一些研究人员指出，他们的结转请求——即允许将一年节省下来的钱转到下一年——未获批准，这在以前从未成为问题。

Another one said a planned no-cost extension of their grant, something routinely permitted in the past that allows researchers to use up remaining funds, was denied this year, so the grant ended earlier than expected.

另一位人士表示，他们计划申请的无额外成本的延期资助被拒绝了，而这种延期在过去是常规允许的，可以让研究人员用完剩余的资金，因此今年的资助比预期更早结束。

A minority of participants — 7 percent — stated that one of their NIH grants was initially frozen but later reinstated. One potential reason for this was the

少数参与者（7%）表示，他们的一项NIH拨款最初被冻结，但后来又恢复了。其中一个可能的原因是

recent decision in a lawsuit

最近的诉讼裁决

by a judge in the US District Court for the District of Massachusetts who found

由美国马萨诸塞州地区法院的一名法官发现

terminations to hundreds of NIH grants to be unlawful

终止数百项国立卫生研究院（NIH）拨款为非法行为

.

。

About 5 percent of respondents could count themselves lucky because their NIH grant unexpectedly received additional funding, though the reason for this windfall is unclear.

大约5%的受访者可以算自己幸运，因为他们的NIH基金意外获得了额外的资金，尽管这笔意外之财的原因尚不清楚。

The amount of NIH funding lost, even if temporarily, differed substantially between researchers. Estimates from 72 survey participants ranged from $7,000 to $3.9 million, with an average of $720,000 and a median of $200,000.

因政府关门而暂停的NIH经费数额，研究者之间存在很大差异。来自72名调查参与者的估计范围从7,000美元到390万美元不等，平均值为72万美元，中位数为20万美元。

No reason stated

未说明原因

Almost half of those who had their NIH funding affected in some way said they were left in the dark about the reasons. One researcher said that when they asked why their grant was terminated, they were 'ghosted by program staff and by grants management,' adding that 'this has been going on for six months.'.

几乎一半的受到NIH资助影响的人表示，他们对原因一无所知。一位研究人员说，当他们询问为什么他们的拨款被终止时，他们“被项目工作人员和拨款管理部门完全无视了”，并补充说“这种情况已经持续了六个月。”

Twenty-seven percent stated that their grant was in a thematic area no longer favored by the Trump administration. Many grants that were terminated had funded research related to diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI), COVID-19, LGBTQ+, HIV, vaccine hesitancy, and mental health.

百分之二十七的人表示，他们的拨款所在主题领域不再受到特朗普政府的青睐。许多被终止的拨款曾资助过与多样性、公平性和包容性（DEI）、COVID-19、LGBTQ+、艾滋病毒、疫苗犹豫和心理健康相关的研究。

Another 19 percent said their grant was cut because they work at Columbia, Harvard, or another institution that has seen its NIH funding targeted because of alleged antisemitism on campus, or they were a co-PI on a grant by a researcher at such an institution.

另有19%的人表示，他们的拨款被削减是因为他们就职于哥伦比亚大学、哈佛大学或其他因校园内所谓反犹太主义而被NIH资金削减的机构，或者他们是此类机构研究人员的共同首席研究员。

Other reasons for funding changes were subawards to a researcher at a foreign site, which were cut because the NIH no longer likes to fund research outside the US.

资金变化的其他原因是对外国地点的研究人员的分包奖励被削减，因为美国国立卫生研究院不再愿意资助美国以外的研究。

Delays were frequently quoted as other reasons for changes to NIH funding, and many blamed these on cuts to NIH staff. In early April, HHS started to lay off 10,000 full-time employees as part of a broader reorganization, including

延迟常常被引述为美国国立卫生研究院（NIH）资助发生变化的其他原因，许多人将这些归咎于对NIH员工的削减。在四月上旬，美国卫生与公众服务部（HHS）开始解雇10,000名全职员工作为更广泛重组的一部分，包括

about

关于

1,200 at the NIH

1200名在国立卫生研究院

. While these cuts were supposed to eliminate redundant functions through centralizing procurement, human resources, and communications, they likely also affected the NIH funding process.

虽然这些削减措施本应通过集中采购、人力资源和通信来消除冗余职能，但它们也可能影响了美国国立卫生研究院（NIH）的资助过程。

One researcher cited 'fired grant staff at NHGRI' for his funding delays, while another claimed that NIH 'decided to deny a no-cost extension because they could not devote staff time to simply processing it.' Yet another survey participant's program officer didn't respond to a request about their grant, and it turned out their email and phone number at NIH were no longer active.

一位研究人员提到“NHGRI裁员的资助人员”导致他的资金延迟，而另一位研究人员则声称，NIH“决定拒绝无成本延期，因为他们无法投入人力来处理它。” 还有一位调查参与者表示，他们的项目官员没有回应关于他们资助的请求，后来发现其在NIH的电子邮件和电话已不再有效。

.

。

Hiring freezes, staff reductions, scaled-down projects

招聘冻结、裁员、缩减项目规模

Researchers' work has been affected in myriad ways by changes to their NIH funding. Just 9 percent of survey takers said they had not seen any effect on their research so far.

研究人员的工作因美国国立卫生研究院 (NIH) 资助的变化而受到了多种方式的影响。仅 9% 的调查对象表示，到目前为止，他们的研究工作尚未受到任何影响。

More than half were unable to make new hires, and just under 50 percent had or will have to reduce their staff. This could include their own job — one researcher stated that 'my payroll is still being covered by my university, but I suspect this cannot continue for very long.' Another one wrote that their position will not be renewed without fresh funding, adding that 'I only have two months of salary support left, [and] if I don't hear about the funding decision soon, I'll have to retire and my staff will be let go.'.

超过一半的受访者表示他们无法招聘新员工，而将近50%的人已经或者将不得不减少员工数量。这可能包括他们自己的职位——一位研究人员表示：“我的工资目前仍由大学支付，但我觉得这种情况不会持续太久。”另一位研究人员写道，如果没有新的资金支持，他们的职位将不会被续聘，并补充道：“我只剩下两个月的薪水支持了，如果我不能很快听到关于资助决定的消息，我就得退休，我的员工也将被解雇。”

Almost half of researchers had to make significant changes to a new research project they had planned, and 40 percent had to scale down an ongoing project.

几乎一半的研究人员不得不对他们计划中的新研究项目做出重大改变，40% 的研究人员不得不缩减正在进行的项目规模。

One participant said that 'a key collaborator lost funding,' which affected their own work. Another stated that they had to reduce the scope of their originally submitted — and approved — grant application, calling this 'a loss to science.'

一名参与者表示，“一个关键的合作伙伴失去了资金来源，”这影响到了他们自己的工作。另一位参与者则表示，他们不得不缩减原先提交且已获批准的拨款申请的范围，并称这是“科学界的损失”。

In a small number of cases, funding delays or cuts have affected studies involving patients. Six percent of respondents said an ongoing clinical trial they were involved in had to be paused temporarily, while three percent said a trial was paused indefinitely or canceled. One researcher noted they completed enrollment for a prospective study and collected all samples 'but cannot perform genomic analysis until funds are released.'.

在少数情况下，资金延迟或削减已经影响了涉及患者的试验研究。有 6% 的受访者表示，他们参与的一项正在进行的临床试验不得不暂时暂停，而 3% 的受访者表示，一项试验被无限期暂停或取消。一位研究人员指出，他们已经完成了前瞻性研究的注册并收集了所有样本，“但在资金到位前无法进行基因组分析”。

Training programs for grad students and postdocs were also on the chopping block, with several researchers stating that they will no longer be able to continue their programs.

研究生和博士后培训项目也面临被削减的命运，几位研究人员表示他们将无法继续进行他们的项目。

Mitigation strategies

缓解策略

To make up for lost NIH funding, researchers are pursuing a variety of strategies. Top of mind, in the words of one respondent, is 'finding money to fund the current staff.'

为了弥补失去的美国国立卫生研究院（NIH）资金，研究人员正在采取各种策略。一位受访者表示，首要考虑的是“寻找资金来资助现有员工”。

Three-quarters said they are looking for non-NIH funding sources such as philanthropy, biopharmaceutical companies, or private investors. But that might not be a solution: 'As more researchers look for alternative funding to the NIH, the competition for those funds will increase, which will have ripple effects across non-profits, industry, and the entire scientific sector, as well as academic institutions,' one researcher predicted..

四分之三的人表示，他们正在寻找非NIH资助来源，例如慈善机构、生物制药公司或私人投资者。但那可能不是一个解决方案：“随着越来越多的研究人员寻找NIH以外的替代资助，对这些资金的竞争将会加剧，这将对非营利组织、行业、整个科学界以及学术机构产生连锁反应，”一位研究人员预测。

Another 57 percent are still betting on the NIH, submitting new grant applications, in the hopes that they will be funded. 'It's bleak and feels futile, but we keep submitting because there is nothing else to do,' one researcher wrote. 'But it's hard when the already small chances of funding are essentially eliminated without rhyme or reason besides cruelty.'.

另有57%的人仍然在赌国立卫生研究院，提交新的拨款申请，希望获得资助。一位研究人员写道：“前景黯淡，感觉徒劳无功，但我们还是继续提交申请，因为没有别的办法。但是，当本来就很渺茫的资助机会几乎毫无理由地被剥夺时，真的很难熬，这简直太残忍了。”

Not everyone believes they can make up the lost funding. Almost 40 percent of respondents said they plan to downsize their lab, and almost 20 percent are considering leaving research altogether or changing careers.

并非所有人都认为他们可以弥补失去的资金。近 40% 的受访者表示他们计划缩小实验室规模，近 20% 的人正在考虑完全离开研究领域或转行。

Some researchers are looking beyond the US: 18 percent said they are thinking about moving their lab to another country. 'If I had an offer to relocate outside of the US to continue my work, I would jump at it,' one participant wrote. A number of nations are reportedly actively recruiting US researchers including France, Germany, and the European Union, though it remains to be seen how many scientists will follow those calls..

一些研究人员正在将目光投向美国之外：18%的人表示他们考虑过将实验室迁往其他国家。一位参与者写道：“如果我有机会在美国以外的地方继续我的工作，我会毫不犹豫地接受。”据报道，包括法国、德国和欧盟在内的多个国家正在积极招募美国研究人员，不过究竟有多少科学家会响应这些号召仍有待观察。

About 10 percent of respondents are ready to throw in the towel and plan to retire, while about 6 percent don't plan any changes to mitigate the effects of reduced NIH funding.

约百分之十的受访者准备放弃并计划退休，而约百分之六的受访者则不打算进行任何改变以减轻美国国立卫生研究院（NIH）资金减少所带来的影响。

Will 2025 funding come back?

2025年的资金会回来吗？

Looking to the current NIH fiscal year, which ends Sept. 30, researchers are rather pessimistic — slightly more than half believe terminated or frozen NIH grants will not come back.

展望当前将于9月30日结束的NIH财政年度，研究人员相当悲观——略超过一半的人认为被终止或冻结的NIH拨款不会恢复。

Another 20 percent do think such grants will be reinstated or unfrozen as lawsuits wind their way through the courts and as targeted universities strike agreements with the government that would allow their NIH funding to resume.

另外有 20% 的人认为，随着诉讼在法院的审理推进，以及目标大学与政府达成允许其 NIH 资金恢复的协议，这类拨款将会被恢复或解冻。

That view has some support from a July research report from investment bank Jefferies, based on data from the US Department of the Treasury. It found that NIH outlays — funds drawn down by grantees — rose 1 percent year over year in June, and 54 percent month over month, to $4.25 billion, calling it 'the first positive print after three months of declines and an unexpected about-face … which could be due to mid-June grant reinstatements … and May backlog burndown.'.

今年7月，投资银行Jefferies的一份研究报告在一定程度上支持了这一观点。该报告基于美国财政部的数据，发现美国国立卫生研究院（NIH）的支出——即拨款接受者提取的资金——在6月份同比增长了1%，环比增长了54%，达到42.5亿美元。报告称这是“在连续三个月下降后的首次正增长，且出现意外反转……这可能是由于6月中旬恢复发放拨款……以及5月积压的拨款得到清理。”

Nonetheless, almost 40 percent of survey participants think the NIH will not spend a significant portion of its 2025 budget, given the delays experienced so far this year, which would mean the unspent funds go back to the government. 'NIH will not be able to spend its FY2025 budget, the money will be returned, and this will be used as a 'rationale' for funding cuts in FY2026' one researcher predicted..

尽管如此，近40%的调查参与者认为，鉴于今年迄今为止的延迟，美国国立卫生研究院（NIH）将无法花费其2025年预算的大部分资金，这意味着未使用的资金将返还给政府。一位研究人员预测：“NIH将无法花掉其2025财年的预算，资金将会被退回，而这将被用作2026财年削减经费的‘理由’。”

Eighteen percent of respondents are more optimistic, anticipating that NIH will manage to spend its remaining 2025 budget, so a lot more grants will be awarded in the coming months. But concerns remain about how those awards will be made. 'I worry about my two grants in review,' one researcher wrote.

百分之十八的受访者更为乐观，他们预计美国国立卫生研究院（NIH）将设法用完其剩余的2025年预算，因此在未来几个月内会有更多的拨款颁发。但人们仍然担心这些奖项将如何分配。“我担心我正在评审的两项拨款，”一位研究人员写道。

'If they score well, will they even get funded? Will administrative screenings kill well-scoring grants? Will the program officers lose their discretionary expertise? Will they be fired? What is their role anymore?'.

“如果他们得分很高，他们是否还会得到资助？行政审查会不会扼杀得分高的拨款？项目官员会不会失去他们的自由裁量权和专业判断？他们会因此被解雇吗？他们的角色现在还有什么意义？”

Others no longer bet on 2025 funding. 'I was advised by a program officer to not even bother writing any more grants until the FY2026 budget was finalized and NSF/NIH retools all funding opportunities,' one participant wrote, adding that 'the cancellations of funding opportunities has put me behind by one to two years, which will show up as a funding gap when my current grants run out.'.

其他人不再对2025年的资金抱有希望。一位参与者写道：“我被项目官员建议，直到2026财年预算最终确定并且NSF/NIH重新规划所有资助机会之前，甚至不要再费心写任何拨款申请。” 他补充道：“资助机会的取消使我落后了一到两年，这将在我的当前拨款用完时表现为一个资金缺口。”

Outlook for 2026 funding gloomy

2026年资金前景黯淡

Researchers' predictions for securing NIH funding in fiscal year 2026 are also less than rosy, even though the final NIH budget is not known yet. Almost two-thirds estimate their lab's NIH funding will decrease, while about a third believe it will stay roughly the same. Only 4 percent anticipate their lab's NIH funding will increase in the coming year..

研究人员对2026财政年度获得美国国立卫生研究院（NIH）资助的预测也不乐观，尽管最终的NIH预算尚未确定。近三分之二的研究人员预计其实验室的NIH资助将会减少，而大约三分之一的人认为将保持大致相同。只有4%的人预计其实验室的NIH资助将在来年增加。

'Regardless of what happens with currently funded projects, we anticipate a dramatic drop in NIH funding going forward, together with a change in indirect [cost] rates,' one researcher wrote, which 'could be catastrophic for translational bench science.'

“无论当前资助的项目发生什么，我们都预计美国国立卫生研究院（NIH）的资金将大幅减少，同时间接成本费率也会发生变化，”一位研究人员写道，这“对转化型实验科学来说可能是灾难性的。”

However, cuts to overhead funding, or indirect costs, are not universally seen as negative. 'Overhead had become a cash cow for institutions,' one researcher wrote. 'It's disgusting how overhead was sent elsewhere and wasn't supporting science. I hate what has happened, but I hope that there will be a silver lining of a better solution for paying for science.'.

然而，削减间接费用并非被普遍视为负面之举。一位研究人员写道：“间接费用已成为各机构的摇钱树。看到间接费用被挪作他用，没有支持科学研究，令人感到厌恶。我讨厌已经发生的事，但希望这能带来一线曙光，找到资助科学的更好解决方案。”

In the meantime, many universities, medical schools, and research institutions are bracing for coming cuts to indirect costs and NIH funding by instituting hiring freezes and reducing their programs for graduate students.

与此同时，许多大学、医学院和研究机构正在通过实施招聘冻结和减少研究生项目来为即将到来的间接成本和国立卫生研究院资金削减做准备。

For example, according to Jackson Lab's Liu, his institution has stopped all academic recruitment, including for postdocs. 'We all want a strong biomedical science community for both health and for economic competitiveness going forward,' he said. And while it may be true that not all research funded by NIH in the past has been highly innovative, 'you can't fund innovation by cutting it 40 percent,' Liu said.

例如，据杰克逊实验室的刘说，他的机构已经停止了所有学术招聘，包括博士后。 “我们都希望有一个强大的生物医学科学界，无论是为了健康还是为了未来的经济竞争力，”他说。虽然过去由 NIH 资助的研究并非都具有高度创新性，但“你不能通过削减 40％ 的资金来资助创新，”刘说。

'I've never seen a situation where you can improve on something by impoverishing it.'.

“我从未见过通过使其贫困可以改善某些情况的状况。”

The future of US research at stake

美国研究的未来岌岌可危

In general, survey participants expressed deep concerns and frustration about the current NIH funding landscape and the outlook for their own research. 'The stress is high', 'it is absolutely devastating', 'it is demoralizing', 'it is very negative', and 'it's too unpredictable to start new and exciting projects' were among their comments.

总体而言，调查参与者对当前美国国立卫生研究院（NIH）的资助环境及其自身研究的前景表达了深切的关注和沮丧。“压力很大”，“这绝对是毁灭性的”，“令人沮丧”，“非常消极”，“开始新的激动人心的项目太不可预测了”是他们的部分评论。

.

。

'The damage we are experiencing merely from the chaos and uncertainty cannot be quantified,' one researcher put it. 'The lost hours in productivity in 2025 has been extreme and severe.'

“我们仅仅因为混乱和不确定性所遭受的损失就无法量化，”一位研究人员表示。“2025年的生产力损失已经到了极端严重的程度。”

In particular, many worry about the next generation of US biomedical scientists, as training programs are cut and pilot awards for early-stage investigators through programs like the Clinical Translational Science Awards (CTSA) are eliminated.

特别是，许多人担心美国下一代的生物医学科学家，因为培训项目被削减，并且通过临床转化科学奖（CTSA）等项目为早期研究人员提供的试点奖项被取消。

'I made my career during the Golden Age of NIH support,' one survey participant wrote. 'I worry that these opportunities will not be available to young scientists, and the optimistic climate of the last 50 years will dissipate quickly.'

“我的职业生涯是在国立卫生研究院（NIH）支持的黄金时代建立起来的，”一位受访者写道。“我担心这些机会将不再对年轻科学家开放，过去50年的乐观气氛也会迅速消散。”

'I feel like it's putting a chilling effect on the advancement of science overall,' said a scientist in a public health laboratory who requested anonymity. 'Students go into science not because the pay is necessarily the greatest, but because they feel like they're going to maybe have a more stable job or make a better contribution to society,' he said.

“我觉得这正在对科学的整体发展产生寒蝉效应，”一位公共卫生实验室的科学家匿名表示。“学生选择从事科学工作，并不是因为薪水一定是最高的，而是因为他们觉得自己可能会有一份更稳定的工作，或者能为社会做出更大的贡献，”他说。

'When the funding is being put into question … people that might be considering going to graduate school, all of a sudden, that doesn't look so attractive anymore.'.

“当资金受到质疑时……那些可能考虑去读研究生的人，突然间，这看起来不再那么有吸引力了。”

Many also fear for the future of US biomedical research and its top spot in the world. 'American hegemony in biological sciences will end,' one respondent predicted. 'This is especially due to the dropout of emerging talent, as graduate and postdoctoral programs are being eliminated, and as foreign scientists are no longer coming to the US.

许多人还担心美国生物医学研究的未来及其世界领先地位。一位受访者预测：“美国在生物科学领域的霸权将终结。” “尤其是由于新兴人才的流失，研究生和博士后项目正在被取消，而且外国科学家不再来到美国。”

We will see that China will take the lead in short order.'.

The US may already be in danger of failing to attract or retain top talent from abroad because foreign researchers no longer feel welcome. According to Snyder, a postdoc he offered a position in his lab — a Canadian scientist of Iranian descent — has delayed his arrival because 'he is not sure of the situation.' In addition, a Chinese postdoc that had planned to take up an academic position in the US 'basically made it known he wants to go back to China.'.

美国可能已经面临无法吸引或留住国外顶尖人才的危险，因为外国研究人员不再感到受欢迎。据斯奈德透露，他提供了一个实验室职位的博士后——一位加拿大籍伊朗裔科学家——推迟了他的到来，因为他“不确定情况”。此外，一名计划在美国担任学术职位的中国博士后“基本上表示他想回到中国”。

'There is no advanced country that does not take in foreign talent for the life sciences,' said Jackson Lab's Liu, who spent time in Singapore and has consulted for institutions around the world. 'None, zero. And if you want to be competitive, you have to bring in at least a portion of your talent from overseas.

杰克逊实验室的刘博士说：“没有任何一个先进国家不吸收外国生命科学领域的人才。” 他曾待过新加坡，也为世界各地的机构提供过咨询服务。“一个都没有，零。如果你想保持竞争力，就必须从海外引进至少一部分人才。

If nothing else, because you need fresh thinking coming in.'.

如果没有什么别的原因，那是因为你需要引入新的思维。

Meanwhile, it may already be difficult to reverse the harm done to biomedical research. 'The NIH funding landscape has been seriously damaged by this, and I worry that even in the best-case scenario, it will take years for the scientific and academic communities to recover,' according to one survey respondent..

与此同时，要扭转对生物医学研究造成的损害可能已经非常困难。一位受访者表示：“美国国立卫生研究院的资助环境已经因此受到了严重破坏，我担心即使在最乐观的情况下，科学界和学术界也需要数年时间才能恢复。”

'Words cannot express how awful this is, for scientists who have spent their entire careers just trying to do good science and improve the world for everyone. Un-f'ing-believable,' another one wrote.

“科学家们花费整个职业生涯只想做好科学、改善世界，却遭遇如此糟糕的事情，实在难以用言语表达。简直令人难以置信，”另一位科学家写道。