儿科和新生儿急救与复苏的CPR指南已更新-动脉网

CPR Guidelines Updated for Pediatric and Neonatal Emergency Care and Resuscitation

HospiMedica 等信源发布 2025-11-06 23:34

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Cardiac arrest in infants and children remains a leading cause of pediatric emergencies, with more than 7,000 out-of-hospital and 20,000 in-hospital cardiac arrests occurring annually in the United States.

婴儿和儿童的心脏骤停仍然是儿科急症的主要原因之一，美国每年发生超过7,000例院外心脏骤停和20,000例院内心脏骤停。

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Early recognition, rapid response, and high-quality cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) are critical for survival, yet the needs of children differ significantly from adults. To address these distinctions and strengthen clinical preparedness, updated guidelines have been released outlining the latest evidence-based recommendations for pediatric and neonatal resuscitation..

早期识别、快速反应和高质量的心肺复苏（CPR）对生存至关重要，但儿童的需求与成人显著不同。为了解决这些差异并加强临床准备，最新发布了更新的指南，概述了针对儿科和新生儿复苏的最新循证建议。

The update has been jointly issued by the American Academy of Pediatrics (Itasca, IL, USA;

该更新由美国儿科学会（美国伊利诺伊州伊塔斯卡）联合发布；

www.aap.org

) and the American Heart Association (Dallas, TX, USA;

）以及美国心脏协会（达拉斯，德克萨斯州，美国；

www.heart.org

). This marks the first major revision of pediatric basic and advanced life support and neonatal resuscitation guidance since 2020. The updated recommendations are designed for use across community, prehospital, and hospital settings, guiding both healthcare professionals and lay responders.

）。这是自2020年以来对儿科基础和高级生命支持以及新生儿复苏指南的首次重大修订。更新后的建议适用于社区、院前和医院环境，为医疗专业人员和非专业施救者提供指导。

Experts from both organizations co-led the three key chapters—Pediatric Advanced Life Support, Pediatric Basic Life Support, and Neonatal Resuscitation—ensuring equal representation from each body. Among the major pediatric updates, the guidelines establish a single, unified chain of survival for adults and children in both in-hospital and out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, emphasizing prevention, preparedness, and early intervention..

两个组织的专家共同领导了三个关键章节——儿科高级生命支持、儿科基础生命支持和新生儿复苏——确保各方的平等代表性。在主要的儿科更新中，指南为院内和院外心脏骤停的成人和儿童建立了单一、统一的生存链，强调预防、准备和早期干预。

The revisions highlight the importance of early recognition, immediate activation of emergency services, and high-quality CPR beginning with chest compressions. For foreign body airway obstruction (FBAO), infants should now receive repeated cycles of five back blows alternating with five chest thrusts, while children should receive five back blows alternating with five abdominal thrusts—a change from prior recommendations..

这些修订强调了早期识别、立即启动急救服务以及从胸部按压开始的高质量心肺复苏的重要性。对于异物气道阻塞（FBAO），现在建议婴儿接受五个背部拍击与五个胸部冲击交替进行的反复循环，而儿童则应接受五个背部拍击与五个腹部冲击交替进行的处理——这一建议较之前的推荐有所改变。

For infant chest compressions, rescuers are now advised to use either the one-hand or two-thumbs encircling hands technique, while the outdated two-finger method has been removed due to insufficient depth. These refinements ensure improved efficacy and ease of application for both professionals and bystanders..

对于婴儿胸部按压，施救者现在被建议使用单手或双手拇指环绕按压法，而已被淘汰的两指法由于按压深度不足已被移除。这些改进确保了专业人员和旁观者在操作时更有效且更便捷。

The neonatal chapter introduces a newborn chain of care—distinct from the general chain of survival—that begins with prenatal care and extends through postnatal recovery and follow-up. The recommendations call for deferred cord clamping for at least 60 seconds (up from 30 seconds previously) and underscore effective ventilation as the top priority in newborn resuscitation.

新生儿章节介绍了一种不同于普遍生存链的新生命护理链，该链条从产前护理开始并延续至产后恢复及后续跟踪。建议推迟脐带夹紧时间至少60秒（之前为30秒），并强调有效通气是新生儿复苏的首要任务。

Health care professionals are urged to anticipate potential complications and work in coordinated teams trained in neonatal resuscitation practices..

医护人员被敦促预测潜在的并发症，并在训练有素的新生儿复苏实践团队中协调工作。

Additional neonatal updates include ventilation at a rate of 30–60 inflations per minute (broadened from 40–60), along with updated best practices for chest compression positioning, pulse oximeter placement, and ventilation corrective steps. The document, titled “2025 American Heart Association and American Academy of Pediatrics Guidelines for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care,” has been published in both .

其他新生儿更新包括以每分钟30-60次的频率进行通气（从40-60次拓宽），同时更新了胸外按压位置、脉搏血氧仪放置以及通气纠正步骤的最佳实践。题为“2025年美国心脏协会和美国儿科学会心肺复苏与急诊心血管护理指南”的文件已发布在两处。

Circulation

循环

and

和

Pediatrics

儿科

。

'The guidelines also observe that one out of every 10-20 newborns each year needs help transitioning from the fluid-filled environment of the womb to the air-filled room,” said Dr. Henry Lee, co-chair of the Neonatal Writing Group. “It is essential that every newborn infant has a health care professional dedicated to facilitating that transition who is trained and equipped for the role using these recommendations.”.

“指南还指出，每年每10到20个新生儿中就有一个需要帮助才能从充满液体的子宫环境过渡到充满空气的房间，”新生儿写作组联合主席亨利·李博士说。“每个新生儿都必须有一名训练有素、配备齐全的医疗保健专业人员，利用这些建议来协助完成这一过渡。”