The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

文章的最终格式版本将很快发布。

Select one of your emails

选择您的其中一封电子邮件

You have multiple emails registered with Frontiers:

您在 Frontiers 注册了多个电子邮件：

Notify me on publication

通知我出版事宜

Please enter your email address:

请输入您的电子邮件地址：

If you already have an account, please

如果您已有账户，请

login

登录

You don't have a Frontiers account ? You can

您没有Frontiers账户吗？您可以

register here

注册这里

Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is still a leading cause of death due to infection globally, yet precise severity assessment remains a significant clinical problem. More than any other group of cytokines, interleukins are central to the regulation of inflammation and shed light on this intricate pathology.

社区获得性肺炎（CAP）仍然是全球范围内因感染导致死亡的主要原因之一，但精确的严重程度评估仍然是一个重要的临床问题。在所有细胞因子中，白细胞介素对炎症调节起着核心作用，并为这一复杂的病理过程提供了重要线索。

In the present review we summarize the biological and clinical characteristics of some of the principal interleukins (ILs) in CAP, classified primarily according to their physiological activity as pro-inflammatory (IL-2, IL-6, IL-8 and IL-12), anti-inflammatory (IL-7, IL-10 and IL-37), dual-action (IL-4 and IL-17), and emerging factors (IL-3, IL-27 and IL-33).

在本综述中，我们总结了一些主要白细胞介素（ILs）在CAP中的生物学和临床特征，主要根据其生理活性分类为促炎型（IL-2、IL-6、IL-8和IL-12）、抗炎型（IL-7、IL-10和IL-37）、双重作用型（IL-4和IL-17）以及新兴因子（IL-3、IL-27和IL-33）。

Additionally, recent multimodal approaches are discussed such as combining cytokines with organ dysfunction parameters (MR-proADM) or revealing host-response patterns to inform antibiotic and corticosteroid management. We propose that the field needs to transition to immunological endotyping, multi-omics (integrating genetics and lung microbiome), and artificial intelligence (AI) models based on dynamic patient data to achieve precision medicine in CAP management..

此外，还讨论了最近的多模式方法，例如将细胞因子与器官功能障碍参数（MR-proADM）结合，或揭示宿主反应模式以指导抗生素和皮质类固醇的管理。我们认为，该领域需要过渡到免疫学内型、多组学（整合遗传学和肺微生物组）以及基于动态患者数据的人工智能（AI）模型，以实现CAP管理中的精准医学。